Talking about the treatment of printing waste
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With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the disposal of printing industry waste has received more and more attention. Most of the printing factories in China are concentrated in cities with relatively developed economy. The cost of cleaning and disposal of waste is very high, but the waste has caused serious pollution to the city. Therefore, the Environmental Protection Agency requires the printing industry to reduce waste and must deal with it. Industry creates a dilemma. To solve the problem of waste disposal, we must first reduce the waste at the source, and then do the recycling according to the characteristics of the printing industry waste. In addition, a waste combined treatment system can be established, which utilizes the funds and resources owned by each manufacturer, or jointly contributes to the construction or use of a waste treatment plant to solve the problem of environmental protection and waste reduction.
Wastes in the printing industry mainly include: waste paper, waste ink, waste ink cans, waste rags, waste plates, waste gas, waste chemical liquids, etc., which come from various parts of the prepress, printing and postpress stages. It not only pollutes the living environment of human beings, but also wastes resources and money.
Reduce waste
The most effective way to minimize losses is to avoid generating waste in the first place. Reducing waste can help companies reduce operating costs, maintain environmental quality, reduce waste disposal costs, improve workplace hygiene and safety, reduce long-term responsibility, and demonstrate a good corporate image.
Before implementing the plan for reducing waste, the management department of the printing enterprise shall establish corresponding mechanisms to strengthen the management and guidance of waste reduction. Do as much as possible to use pollution-free or low-pollution industrial production technology, improve printing methods, process flow, change the structure of raw materials and printed products to avoid waste generation, and ultimately reduce pollution.
Management of printed materials
Improve the management of raw materials of enterprises, achieve reasonable inventory control and efficient distribution and utilization, keep the storage and work areas clean and orderly, and ensure that all containers are labeled with appropriate labels;
Carefully inspect the material before delivery and return it to the supplier immediately if it is found to be unsatisfactory;
Accurately record the amount of raw materials so that each reduction can be measured;
The date of purchase is marked on each container, and the "first purchase first use" strategy is adopted to prevent the old material from being used up, and the new one is opened;
Conduct regular inspections and maintenance, and periodically check for leaks in containers and equipment;
Keep all containers sealed to prevent evaporation, spillage, or drying of materials;
Keep the waste liquid, reuse it after separation, or send it to the recycling department;
Protect unharmed materials from contamination;
Expired materials can be negotiated and assisted by some local departments that still have usage needs.
Prepress design and graphic processing
In the decoration design and creativity, try to use the color, texture and color of the printing material itself to avoid over-printing; minimize the use of hot stamping, laminating and other processes while meeting the decoration requirements, and minimize the packaging materials.
Using computer direct plate-making technology, the graphic information of RIP is directly output to the printing plate through the computer, the film of the intermediate link is removed, the steps of film output, development, fixing and printing in the plate making are reduced, and the silver-containing, The discharge of waste liquids such as benzenediol and other substances that are harmful to humans and the environment, and the damage of ultraviolet light to the human body.
Reduce major waste
The generation of waste is inevitable, but the amount of waste and the pollution generated can be reduced by effective means. The inks, cleaning agents and rags contain a large amount of organic solvents, which not only pollute the environment but also endanger human health. Be cautious about these three intractable wastes.
(1) Ink. Use inks that reduce pollution and save energy. To reduce the volatilization of organic solvents, use solvents that are solvent-free or solvent-free, such as replacing solvent-based inks with soy inks in lithographic offset printing, in gravure and flexographic printing. Then use water-based inks. In addition, such as UV-curable inks, electron beam-curable inks, and the like.
(2) Cleaning agent. Use a low-toxic ink cleaner instead of a solvent such as gasoline. Use an ink cleaner to clean ink and oil. For other cleaning tasks, use soap or detergent. Use a small opening bottle such as a squeeze or spray to make a container to limit the amount of cleaning in the rag, because a small amount of cleaning agent can wipe off a lot of ink. When using an automatic cleaning device, place a dish under the rubber roller to collect waste detergent and ink.
(3) Rag. Repeat the use of the rag, using a dirty rag as the first scrub, then use a clean rag as the second scrub, using a recyclable rag instead of a disposable rag. If a one-time scrub is used, the cleaning agent should be separated as much as possible before processing, using stranding or centrifugal filtration. The used rag and the failed cleaning agent should be placed separately in a sealed container.
Recycling of printing waste
A good start is half the success. The above prevention work has greatly reduced the generation of waste. However, in actual production, waste gas and waste are inevitably generated. This requires special collection of various wastes generated during the printing process. And then recycling the characteristics of these wastes. For example, materials such as film and plastic film that are difficult to degrade and endanger the environment are uniformly recycled by the garbage collection station for resource treatment or sanitary landfill.
At this stage, due to the process and other reasons, it is also necessary to use a variety of contaminating printing materials, such as oily inks, oily coatings, oily glazing, etc., the harmful and toxic gases generated during their use can be adsorbed by suction. , absorption, catalytic combustion and other methods to reduce the concentration of harmful gases in the working environment to reduce the pollution of harmful gases and the human body. Other waste materials such as empty containers, lubricating fluids, etc. must also be collected for recycling.
Most of the printing enterprises in China belong to small and medium-sized enterprises, and many of them are located in the urban area. On the one hand, the willingness and ability to deal with pollution and prevention are obviously insufficient. On the other hand, the amount of waste is small, and the ability to handle it is relatively weak, and the application of waste combined treatment system in waste reduction in the printing industry can solve these needs.
The waste combined treatment system can be divided into two types: a common treatment system and a joint treatment system. One is a common processing system, which is jointly invested by a printing factory that produces similar wastes to set up a treatment plant (field) to handle the printing industrial waste generated by the company. The other is a joint processing system, in which a printing company that produces similar wastes joins a society with waste disposal capabilities, and jointly invests in a treatment plant (field), which is responsible for processing printing industrial waste.
By establishing a waste combined treatment system, we can truly solve the problem of hazardous and difficult to handle waste. Such as the recycling and disposal of waste inks and ink tanks, the discharge and recycling of waste developer and waste water, the recovery and disposal of solvents, and the cleaning and destruction of machine wipes and ink waste rags. China is now vigorously promoting sustainable development strategies, so it is imperative to promote a joint waste treatment system in the printing industry.