Thoroughly understand the digital layout technology
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The digital layout is an important process in the printing production process. It is based on the requirements of printing and post-press processing, and the pages are arranged reasonably on the layout to achieve the most efficient use of paper. In order to efficiently complete the digital layout work, the author summarizes the general workflow of the digital layout, and also compares the main differences between the construction of the rotation template and the single template, and shares with the reader.
Digital workflow version of the regular workflow
Currently, the mainstream imposition software on the market includes Heidelberg Prinect Signa Station, Kodak Preps, DynaStrip, Founder Wenhe, Fuxin Yintong and so on. The steps of using these software are basically the same, including several steps: check→minute→build→input→out→fold. The author will describe the steps in detail below.
1. Check
Before making a large version, you need to know the customer requirements, printing equipment and other information. Specifically, the following aspects are worth noting.
Finished product information: finished product size, total page number;
Paper information: paper type, basis weight, thickness;
Printing machine parameters: maximum printing format, paper feeding size (maximum, minimum), printing method (double-sided, single-sided, self-turning, heaven and earth, front and back);
Folding machine parameters: folding type (vertical cross folding, parallel folding, mixed folding), folding precision, folding area (maximum, minimum);
Cutting machine: cutting precision, cutting area (maximum, minimum);
Binding method: plastic, saddle stitching, hardcover.
2. minutes
In order to make the printing and post-pressing processes efficient, it is necessary to determine the imposition method (folding or freely spelling) according to the use of finished products (packages, magazines, textbooks, etc.);
According to the finished product information, the finished product is divided into a cover and a book block, and the book core is divided into a whole post and a loose post according to the total number of pages in the imposition single post. When establishing the loose template, special attention should be paid to comprehensively considering the paper, the plate, and the printing machine. Information such as boot cost.
3. Built
Create a new template based on the above information. Although there are many large-scale software, the process is roughly the same, that is, the basic information (name, storage location, etc.) of the large version is determined first, and then the layout of the single-page file is determined, and finally the mark is added.
Among them, it is determined that the order of the single-page files is the most complicated, which is determined by the folding mode of the folding machine, the order of the folding modules, etc., and the folding modules of the folding machine must be carefully understood before the production. According to the finished product information, select the appropriate folding module for combination.
When the single-page file is arranged compactly in the large-page page, you can consider reducing the size of the bleeding, the tip size, and even borrowing the mouth (but you must ensure that the distance from the printer to the paper edge is usually 13mm, not Less than 10mm). Finally save the template.
4. Enter
Import a single-page document that has been carefully proofreaded and pre-flighted into the template. Preflight mainly includes the following:
Whether the image has links, whether it is compressed, whether it is obscured, cut or hidden, whether the image format, resolution meets the printing requirements, whether the image has been rotated, scaled, and other complicated post-effects, whether the image size is normal, etc.;
Whether the font is consistent with the customer's requirements, whether the text is rotated, whether there are missing words, shifts, garbled characters, etc.
Whether the color mode meets the requirements of the specification process, whether the color of the gradation processing can meet the printing requirements, and whether the spot color turns to four colors.
5. Out
Export large files that have been assembled by templates, such as jt files, pdf files in a digitized process, or drive printers to print blue paper or proofs.
6. fold
Fold the printed blue paper in a certain order, carefully proofread the text, check if the image processing is proper, whether the imposition order is correct, and whether the large version mark is complete.
The main difference between rotary imposition and single imposition
Since the structure of the printing machine, the printing method, the folding method, and the like of the commercial rotary printing are different from the single-sheet printing, the layout of the elements of the page on the large version is also greatly different from that of the single-sheet printing machine. In addition, commercial rotary printing has the characteristics of high speed and high starting cost, and most of the current commercial rotary printing presses are equipped with automatic loading, automatic color registration, automatic cutting and correction, density online measurement and other devices to improve the degree of automation. To achieve these high-automation functions, it is necessary to make reasonable selection and layout of the corresponding elements in the layout.
1. Cutting size
Due to the limitation of the circumference of the cutting drum and the width of the door, the opening size of the rotary machine has certain limitations - the width of the opening is determined by the circumference of the printing cutting drum, so it can be changed on the rotating material. Only the width direction, which is the width of the web we often say, is currently used in commercial rolls, such as 546mm, 578mm, 610mm, etc. The width of the web used is less than or equal to the width of the web. can.
Relatively speaking, the sheet-fed printing machine is much more flexible. It can choose not only the split, the four open, the eight open, etc. In special cases, it can also be opened and opened (that is, the full-open paper is opened one big one. Small size), and when the papers of different products are the same, you can also flexibly choose the offset printing, as long as the setting is between the maximum paper size and the minimum paper size. And these flexible changes are more difficult to do with rotary printing. Of course, the high speed of rotary printing and the advantages of simultaneous printing and folding are also difficult to achieve with sheetfed printing.
2. Automatic registration mark
The automatic registration mode of the rotary printing machine is to obtain the measurement data by scanning the registration mark on the printing plate by the positioning detection system, compare the measurement data with the data of the standard proof, and perform the axial and circumferential adjustment of the corresponding roller by using the difference value; The sheetfed press completes the positioning of the paper by the front gauge and the side gauge, then extracts the proof, then observes the registration mark under the magnifying glass, and manually adjusts the axial and circumferential directions of the drum to ensure the accuracy of the overprint. Figure 1 shows the automatic registration mark of the rotary machine and the registration mark of the sheet-fed printing press.
3. Folding order
The rotary machine has a line automatic folding function. When the scanning device of the rotary cutting drum recognizes the automatic cutting mark, the cutting knife is driven to complete the cutting, and the repetitive work of the cutting roller is to roll the paper. The sheet is cut into a single sheet of paper, and the sheet is finished by the folding device, and the folding operation of the sheet is completed by the folding machine after the printing is completed.
The folding unit of the rotary machine is different from the folding machine, which results in different rotation order of the rotary template and the single template. The folding unit of the rotary machine is generally composed of a folding bar folding, a triangular plate folding, a rolling folding folding, and a collision folding folding assembly (Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the folding unit of the ROTOMAN 55, which is not shown due to the inconvenient viewing angle and the folding bar is not shown). According to the finished product information, select the appropriate unit combination and complete the folding work. The sheetfed folding machine is generally divided into a knife folding machine, a fence folding machine, and a mixing folding machine (a combination of a knife type and a fence type).
Figures 3 and 4 are 16-page 16-page rotary imposition templates and single imposition templates, respectively. The folding work of the template of Fig. 3 is completed by one triangular plate folding, one rolling folding folding and one collision folding folding. The folding work of the template of Fig. 4 is generally completed by one fence type and two knife type.
4. Printing method
The printing cylinders of the rotary machine are mostly arranged in the B-B type, which determines that it is printed on both sides at the same time, that is, it is necessary to construct two sets of templates when constructing the template. The sheetfed presses have both single-sided and double-sided presses. When the double-sided printing machine realizes double-sided printing, it can adopt the heaven and earth flipping or self-reversing mode. They are printed by the flipping roller to complete the front and back sides, and the front and back sides share a set of templates, so only one set of templates is needed; To implement double-sided printing in the front and back versions, you need to build two sets of templates.
5. Other
In addition to the above elements, the large version of the layout also needs to add text information. The text information is generally composed of printing color, printing model, opening size, product name, job number, number of posts, etc., which is conducive to accurately distinguish semi-finished products during subsequent processing. information;
If the layout size allows, COLORBAR can also be added to control the color of the product through density measurement during printing. Of course, some secondary color and gray balance color blocks can be added to quantify and control the printed sheets;
For books and magazines, you need to add a post to check the wrong, missing, and reposted links.
If it is a saddle-stitched product, when the thickness of the paper exceeds a certain amount, it is also necessary to set a certain amount of creep during the imposition. These elements are common in rotary imposition templates and single imposition templates.
It should be specially pointed out that although the efficiency of the rotary machine is much higher than that of the single-sheet printing press, this does not mean that the rotary machine should be given priority when selecting the model, but the paper information of the finished product and the factory machine row should be combined. The specific circumstances such as the period are considered comprehensively, and several principles such as customer priority, cost priority, and efficiency priority are required.
The large version is a comprehensive technology, which is not only affected by a series of technical parameters such as prepress, printing and postpress, but also closely related to the specific production situation of the printing factory. When we are engaged in related work, we must not only consider the relevant factors in the layout, but also need to observe and summarize the production situation of the printing factory, and form a reasonable, efficient and accurate layout process, thereby improving the printing production efficiency and efficiency.