Ten years of pre-press change
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After graduating, I was engaged in the printing industry with the color concept and drawing skills I learned at school. At that time, it was unfamiliar to printing. Everything from the beginning of the company was learned from scratch, and I gradually realized the printing industry. For more than a decade, from the initial hand-made to the current electronic workflow, technology has brought changes to the printing, which is surprising.
Early manual process
In the early manual process, the editors of the art must rely on the copywriters and pictures provided by the company to plan the layout and number of pages in advance, and send the text and pictures separately for production.
The production process is as follows:
1, text:
After the editors calculate the font size, determine the font, style, and mark the complete, type and type, in case of calculation error (the font is too big or too small), you have to use a large camera to zoom the text to the appropriate size, then Wash into photographic paper to complete the draft.
2, the picture:
First determine the image size and calculate the zoom ratio, indicating whether you need to specially trim the tone or color of the original, send the color separation scan output mesh, and then proof by the printing proofer.
3. Final draft:
The editorial staff arranges the text according to the pre-planned text and pictures, pastes the text on the layout, and draws the position of the frame with a stylus. After the completion, the layout is photocopied, and then the image is pasted, and then sent to the customer for proofreading.
4, modify:
If you need to modify or increase or decrease the text after proofreading, you often move the rows and rows in order to add or subtract a word. This makes the American editors feel a headache, and when a manuscript is revised to the end, it will often be dirty or have font skew. Phenomenon occurs; if the customer has opinions on the quality, in addition to re-separation, the experienced color master should use the exposure principle of the negative film and the syrup to manually trim, and the trimmed mesh has to be proofed. The machine can be proofed until the customer confirms it.
5, imposition:
The imposition is divided into "small imposition" and "big imposition". Before the small imposition, the imposition personnel must first send the finished draft of the American editor to the photographer to make a line drawing. Since the typing of photographs often has poor development control and the thickness of the text on the same layout is different, the photographer has to adjust the exposure time according to experience to improve the font size. After the imposition person gets the text negative film, he has to repair the film first, and then clean the dirty spots on the text negative film, in order to combine the image and the text, and perform the work of laying the net copy according to the color of the American design design. After completing the small imposition, it will be collaged into a large version according to the position of the page order, and the printing and printing will be carried out after the completion of the large version.
In this kind of traditional workflow, it is inevitable that constant changes must be made in some parts. This reversed work process not only affects the entire working time, but also increases many costs, and such complicated work processes are often The mistake caused by human negligence affects the quality of the print.
Medium-term group page system operation process
In response to the complexity of the operation process, the progress of the high-level group page system to replace the manual small spelling operation, as long as the US editors designed the finished draft and image scanning, converted into information files stored in the system, you can edit the system on the system The color and graphic instructions indicated by the personnel can not only do the imposition work, but also the special modification or partial adjustment of the image, so that the effect can be seen immediately on the computer screen, as long as it is not stored. Does not affect the original file, which is convenient and reduces errors, and improves the accuracy of the small spell, but its disadvantage is equipment Large and expensive, so that investors can not easily buy, so often because of the inability to have a complete structure, resulting in poor work and affect the efficiency of the entire process, making people feel the fly in the ointment.
Moreover, due to equipment problems, it is also necessary to output the combined layout after the negative film, although there is a hot-swapping proof (such as Fuji Color). The art proofing system replaces the traditional printing proofing. In addition to saving the plate, the art proofing system shortens the waiting time when the mesh is proofed, but Fuji Color The cost of art materials is also very expensive.
This kind of process only improved the operation of the imposition part. There was no improvement in the layout and revision of the US editing. Slowly, there was a small computer and software to replace it. However, this process can be said to be a printing operation. Take the start of the computer workflow (DTP).
Current computer operation process (DTP)
In the early days of entering DTP, the MAC computer took the lead in the field of printing operations, and then IBM compatible PCs followed the input. At first, the file format was different, and the file between the high-order group page system and DTP was transmitted. The problem of cross-platform file creation, coupled with the lack of technical skill, often causes the machine to crash, or the file cannot be output during the output stage, or the text is missing or garbled after the output is not output, and the picture is messy. Such phenomena have caused the output personnel to break their brains. Nowadays, these problems are improved with the skillfulness and technological advancement of the technicians, and the file compression is developed to save storage space and transmission speed.
Today's design workers and printing companies use computers. The only difference is MAC and PC. All files are stored and edited by means of reading signals, such as MO, CK, hard disk, or The Internet and other networks are transmitted to each other. The editorial staff can change the font type and font size, deformation, etc. in the computer as desired. Even if the text is modified, the computer will automatically arrange, and the editors will not only arrange the text. Even the picture images are combined with the text, and there is no need to make small spells by the imposition people.
The operation process at this stage can be said to completely integrate the picture and the text. If the American editors transfer the formatted page file to the digital proofing machine, the digital proofing can be performed, and the customer can see the complete graphic and text. The page not only saves the cost of the imposition, but also saves the material cost of the repetitive film, and improves the accuracy of the imposition alignment. After the customer confirms, the file can be exported to the negative version or the plate. Such a program not only simplifies the complicated work, shortens the entire printing process, and improves the environment and quality of the printing industry.
A new generation of publishing workflows, more toward electronic publishing, the development of PDF (Portable Document Format) portable file format, within the file page Fonts, images, vector objects, etc. are converted into a multi-purpose file format, that is, the same file can be applied to different output devices, such as digital proofing, mesh output, direct publishing, digital printing, Internet browsing. Etc.; PDF file format, the traditional electronic publishing work must face the problems of many customers to create different files and fonts, image file formats and other issues, the industry does not have to worry about fonts, images or not Trouble with the compatible output driver, program errors can be ruled out.