Summer printing enterprises are more energy-efficient
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In the hot July, power cuts across the country will be launched. As a printing industry with “large power-limiting households”, the situation of a large number of orders lost due to power cuts in the past year seems to be starting again this year.
It is well known that the normal operation of the printing press requires a constant temperature and humidity production environment, the relative humidity is between 50 and 55, and the temperature is within 24 degrees Celsius and plus or minus 3 degrees Celsius. This is especially true for digital printing presses as a production environment for high precision machines. In order to ensure the above production environment, according to industry sources, basically large-scale enterprises, large-scale printing enterprises with annual sales income of 300 million to 400 million yuan, spend more than one million yuan per year on air-conditioning energy costs. Therefore, regarding the power-saving skills, each enterprise has its own high-tech tricks, people go off, turn off the air conditioner; change the ordinary incandescent lamp to LED tube; stop during the day, start at night... This article will focus on these regular play Other high-tech and new recruits.
Optimized construction plant
At present, some companies are first-class in terms of sales ability, scale equipment and technical level. Why can't profit margins go up? This is the biggest headache for many printing companies. On the one hand, the printing factory is at the bottom of the industrial chain, the right to speak is missing, and the rising costs make the enterprise indigestible; on the other hand, enterprises should also find reasons from themselves, and soar in this kind of cost like sitting on a "rocket". In the era, how to control costs is a key time to measure the internal management and production details of an enterprise. At this time, controlling the cost of electricity has become a top priority. Especially in the current wave of printing factories responding to the move to the suburbs of the city, the intention of saving electricity should be integrated into the initial stage of the construction of new plants, and doing well will do more with less.
The reporters of China News and Publishing News have visited two well-established factories in Beijing, which are well-known printing enterprises. The entrance of a new building of a printing factory stands with several columns of cylindrical columns, and the whole body uses glass as the curtain wall. In the enterprise, the production workshop has almost no windows and adopts a frame structure. Compared with the two, it can be seen that the energy-saving construction is superior and inferior. Although the latter does not look at the former, there is a lot of energy in the indoor temperature insulation performance, whether it is heating in winter or air conditioning in summer.
Although the construction of the new factory is a symbol of strength, some printing enterprise managers have to face a huge amount of overhead, have to put a close eye on the vision, costly accounting for the price, the operating costs after the completion of the late plant is left behind. Fu Xiang, the person in charge of the Beijing Dingjia Printing City Project, calculated an account in an interview. If the calculation is based on 1000 yuan per square meter of light steel, the reinforced concrete exterior wall structure needs about 2,000 yuan, nearly double the cost. . However, it is not known that the exterior wall structure made of light steel seems to be cheap. In fact, because the steel body is easy to dissipate heat, the heat preservation coefficient is low, and the electricity consumption for ensuring constant temperature and humidity is high, and the cost is not reduced after the accumulation of time.
Fu Xiang suggested that the printing factory should bear in mind the following concepts when constructing the factory: analyze the changes in the overall cost of equipment cost, technology cost, personnel cost and energy use cost in the cost structure. The first two factors will follow the return period. Prolonged and declining, only personnel costs and energy use costs are not falling, and are growing at a rate of at least 10% per year.
"The factory building is no more than other inputs, the personnel can be adjusted improperly. If the equipment purchase is wrong, it can be increased or decreased at any time. Once the factory building is completed, the energy consumption will be huge afterwards, and the transformation is also very expensive." Fu Xiang said.
Reasonable choice of conventional energy
Compared with other consumption, the electricity consumption of millions of yuan and 10 million yuan is really not a trivial matter for the printing enterprises with low profits. Although many factories now replace ordinary incandescent lamps with LED lamps, which greatly saves electricity consumption, compared with air-conditioning energy consumption, it is not enough. It shows that air-conditioning and heat-insulation is a big part of the energy cost of printing enterprises. However, Fu Xiang believes that the more power is used, the more it is a misunderstanding. Enterprises may wish to stand higher and broaden their horizons.
Fu Xiang said, first of all, people have to break the misunderstanding of electricity use. Don't always think that electricity is the cleanest and cheapest of conventional energy. In fact, because of the difference in geographical location, you can actually use a variety of energy sharing methods to divert the peak of electricity consumption at the peak of power consumption, instead of use. For example, in the area north of the Yellow River, large-scale printing companies can use natural gas direct-fired engines to provide energy. When the same energy unit is released, natural gas is not only cheaper than the price of electricity, but also loses the energy loss of the intermediate pressurization and decompression, and the water and air released after combustion are also environmentally friendly.
However, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that China's large printing companies purchase foreign imported equipment, most of which are mainly German machines and Japanese machines. Digital printing machines are mainly American machines, and these countries do not have large-scale Under the condition of using natural gas, the conventional energy source is electricity. Therefore, the default energy source in the development of equipment is also electricity. Therefore, after purchasing equipment from these countries, China’s printing enterprises are not in the southern or northern part of the equipment. Have the basis for using natural gas.
Second, set the transformer capacity reasonably. The equipment used by each enterprise will not be exactly the same. The power of a traditional offset press is about 85 kVA, while the power of a POD inkjet digital printing production system is nearly 500 kVA. In the setting of the transformer's capacity, the equipment should be considered. Otherwise, if the setting is too high, it will be a completely unnecessary "empty fee" for this high expenditure. Every month, the "empty driving fee" per kilovolt ampere will cost tens of dollars. He said: "Sometimes these details are hard to detect. They seem to be so inconspicuous. They are amazing together and become a blind spot with high power consumption."
Fu Xiang suggested that enterprises should conduct one-way monitoring of energy consumption. In addition to regular financial statements and production reports, energy reports should be set up separately, instead of just putting energy consumption in the administrative cost of enterprises, so as to understand the output value of enterprises. The energy consumption is more scientific and facilitates continuous improvement in the daily management process.
Focus on new energy, choose carefully
For a single company, the cost of electricity is different. The reporter carefully reviewed the standards of the Development and Reform Commission on electricity prices. Taking Beijing as an example, it is divided into peak and valley peak electricity prices. The peak price period is the peak period of July and August each year. The price is 1.4 yuan per kilowatt hour, which is the nightly electricity. The price of around 0.5 yuan is nearly three times, which is huge for large-scale production enterprises. So why not consider using emerging energy sources.
At present, in addition to conventional power, coal, natural gas and other energy sources, some emerging energy sources are also emerging, such as air energy, bioenergy, solar energy, water source heat, ground source heat, ice storage and other emerging energy sources are also receiving attention. These have been maturely used in other industries, and the printing industry in China is still only in the wait-and-see stage. The reporter consulted a number of large and medium-sized printing companies, and the other party said they were not familiar with these energy methods. Although it has not yet begun to be used, it is necessary to pay attention to these new energy sources.
For the time being, whether emerging energy such as solar energy, water source heat, and ground source heat can be developed in printing enterprises, and whether it can provide stable energy is still extremely unknown. And focusing on emerging energy such as hydropower, wind power and nuclear power, it is difficult to achieve government emission reduction targets and energy structure adjustment targets, especially long-term energy supply targets.
Some energy sources seem to be environmentally friendly, but they are more destructive to the ecosystem; some seem to be energy-efficient, but the initial investment is huge or the technology is not mature. The task of trying to use and improve new energy technologies should be those of research institutes or national key projects, publishing and printing companies as the disseminators of cultural information. When choosing the energy method, the company’s responsible person should pay more attention to Choose carefully and be responsible for the long-term development of the company.