Printing standardization and improving print quality
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Printing companies form a standardized production model, which not only saves time, but also contributes to the improvement of printing quality.
When it comes to standardization, some people will feel both familiar and unfamiliar. Familiarity is because the current media always advertises the company with “standardization”, which is familiar to people; strangers are because some people have just heard of standardization and have not touched it, so they feel that the name is still unfathomable. In fact, standardization has always been around everyone. The red light is green, this is the most familiar standard and the standard that people must abide by.
The purpose of printing standardization
The first is simplification. As human life continues to become more complex, modern standardization may first consider the simplification process. For the printing industry, model production is established at all stages of print production, simplifying complex workflows.
The second is to use standards as a means of communication. The first original task of the standard is to provide a means of communication between the printing business and the customer. List the size and properties of the desired sample. Enhance customer trust. It is believed to be of quality and reliability when it receives prints that meet the standards. In addition, current printing companies generally receive a unified job format, which accelerates the communication between each other.
The third is to protect the interests of consumers. Protecting the interests of consumers is undoubtedly one of the most important purposes of standardization. The quality of printed matter produced according to the standard can be guaranteed. To meet the needs of consumers.
The role of printing standardization
1. The main functions of standards in the field of print production and distribution. The main functions (the main role played by the standard) in the field of printing production and circulation can be broadly divided into two categories: one is the technical basis in the production process of printed matter. Printing companies must organize production according to the standards of printed matter to regulate and constrain all of their production activities. The second is the technical basis for delivery and acceptance. The customer needs to accept the printed materials received. When the acceptance results are inconsistent with the corresponding standards, the supply and demand sides will negotiate to resolve them.
Generally speaking, the technical basis for the production of printed matter mainly comes from the technical basis of delivery and acceptance: the technical basis for delivery and acceptance, mainly from the requirements of customers. If a printing company wants to be flexible enough to adapt to the increasingly fierce and ever-changing market competition, they should use the open national or international standards with good versatility and coverage as the technical basis for delivery and acceptance, and the technical level. Corporate standards above the open standards serve as the technical basis for organizing print production. In this way they can better adapt to the needs of market competition.
2. The main role of printing standards in the production process. First, it is conducive to the technical convergence and coordination of all aspects of printing production. Printing production requires a series of complicated processes such as design, prepress processing, printing, and postpress processing. Only the design meets the printing standards, prepress processing meets the requirements of each parameter. In this way, the printing production can be carried out in an orderly manner, and the printed matter meeting the standard requirements can be printed. Second, it is conducive to the quality control of printed matter. Standards are an important measure of print quality. Today's customers are increasingly demanding the quality of printed matter, especially for packaging and printing. The establishment of standards makes the file processed and copied quickly. Avoid chaos. The printing parameters are required for each printing parameter, and the printing quality is guaranteed. Third, it is conducive to enhancing the market competitiveness of enterprises. The development of standards allows the printing company and its customers to have a common language in the industry, which can enhance mutual communication. At the same time, it is also very good for overseas customers to communicate. It is conducive to expanding overseas markets and enhancing the market competitiveness of enterprises. Fourth, it is conducive to saving raw materials and improving production efficiency. The formulation of standards enables the printing production process to have a set of parameters that meet the requirements and establish a model operation, which can reduce the error rate, shorten the printing machine debugging time, save raw materials, and thus control the production cost and improve the product qualification rate. purpose. The printing workflow has guidelines, and it is easy to find the root cause, improve the efficiency of the solution, and improve the production efficiency.
Printing standardization and quality improvement
It is defined that print quality is a comprehensive effect of various appearance characteristics of printed matter. Such as print tone and color reproduction faithful to the original ink color is thick, uniform, good gloss, text is not spent, high definition, good overprint precision, no ghosting, offset, various bars, sticky back and mechanical marks.
And some pointed out. The above definition of print quality is not accurate enough. From the perspective of copying technology, the quality of printed matter should be defined as faithfulness to the reproduction of the original.” The author believes that this definition method is used to study and evaluate the printing replication process. The quality has certain practical significance.
Today's printing companies want to print a standardized production model, which not only saves time, but also helps improve print quality. The printing process is from receiving the original to the final publication, which involves the process of material collection, pre-press graphic processing, film output, printing, printing, finishing and binding. The realization of printing standardization and dataization is a favorable guarantee for printing quality.
1. Standardization of prepress data exchange formats.
The standard mainly specifies the structure and technical requirements for different data formats for cross-application software and cross-platform transmission of graphic information in the printing and publishing industry. Currently such standards include data exchange formats such as TIFF/IT, PDFIX, and JDF. The standardization of the data exchange format enables unimpeded communication between printing companies and between printing companies and customers.
2. Standardization of film output. Film is the basis of printing. If the film quality is not good, it is difficult to guarantee the final print quality. At present, the film output of most printing houses has formed a standardized and data-based production mode. However, in actual work, due to the influence of personnel quality, equipment stability, management system and other factors, some links do not really reflect standardization. The connotation of data. For example, some printers produce a large amount of film per day. When the developing solution is fresh, the output film is relatively normal. As the output of the film increases, the concentration of the developing solution gradually decreases, and the developing quality of the film is also improved. It will fall. Due to the heavy work tasks, in order to ensure that tasks are completed on time, operators often do not handle them. Or simply add a certain amount of developer directly to the developer tank. continue working. Some operators even take the way of increasing the development and fixing temperature to speed up the development. Complete production tasks on time.
The above-mentioned non-standardized punching is the main reason that affects the quality of film output. therefore. The printing factory should be based on its own actual situation. according to. The quality requirements determine the various parameters of the punch. Generate a standardized set of data. In this way, the operator can guarantee the film quality mainly in the production according to the standard data.
3. Standardization of imposition and printing. Standardization and dataization of imposition are easier to implement. Just draw the standard imposition coordinates. The imposition staff can follow the sample construction. However, in actual production, the printing plate may affect the implementation of standardization due to certain factors. For example, some printers have a heavier task. Workshop to ensure timeliness. Had to sacrifice the quality. On the one hand, extend the exposure time. To achieve the purpose of removing dirt: on the other hand, increase the concentration of the developer. Speed up the development. To increase production speed. therefore. After the printing, the small dots are seriously lost. Affect the quality of graphic printing. the author thinks. The standardization of the printing plate and the realization of the data are as long as the standard exposure time and development time are determined according to the quality control strip. The operator is strictly produced according to the requirements under any working conditions. There is absolutely no problem.
Many printing houses have used CTP systems. The film output and printing process are omitted. but. The principle of standardization still exists. CTP plate making also requires the printing factory to determine the exposure intensity, rotation speed, focal length and other parameters of the CTP plate making standard according to the quality control strip of the plate and the various development parameters of the plate processor, and then strictly follow the requirements. Guarantee the quality of the plate.
4. The printing process is standardized. The control of the printing process is the most complex part of the entire printing process. The performance and quality of the raw materials used. Overprinting, printing pressure, and printing environment all affect the standardization of printing processes.
(I) Raw materials. Raw materials are the basis of print production. during production. Try to use the same type of photosensitive material from the same manufacturer. PS plate, paper, ink and other raw materials. To ensure the consistency of plate making and printing parameters. Provide a data foundation for color reproduction. For example, as specified in the national standard. The field density values of Y, M, C, and K in newspaper printing are 0.60~0.80, 0.90~1.10, I. 0 to 1.20, 1.0 to I. 30. This is a broad standard requirement. Different printing densities are caused by taking into account the different raw materials used in various newspaper printing houses. But for the newspaper printing house itself. A stricter set of standards should be developed to control print quality based on the properties of the film, PS plate, paper, and ink used in the plant. Once the raw materials are replaced. The original standard data should be re-enacted. To ensure the same high quality prints.
(2) Ink and water balance. The principle of offset printing is ink and water balance. therefore. Controlling ink balance is the basis of offset printing. The amount of ink is large. Inevitably requires more water. Otherwise it will paste: the amount of ink is small. Inevitably requires less water. otherwise. The layout is gray. therefore. Mastering the right amount of ink and water is the key to offset printing.
(3) Overprinting. When evaluating the quality of printed matter. One of the two most commonly used standards is the color one is the overprint. Whether the overprinting is accurate is the most direct manifestation of the quality of the printed matter. Generally, the exact requirements for overprinting are not limited to the different colors on a printed product. Moreover, the front and back sides of the same printed matter should meet the corresponding standards between the printed sheets of the same batch of printed matter.
From the perspective of the workflow, almost every link will become the root cause of inaccurate overprinting, which will inevitably lead to overprinting errors in the printing process. Therefore, a standard must be determined. Exceeding the standard range is a non-conforming product. Industry standard regulations. The overprinting tolerance of fine prints in offset printing is ≤0.10mm: the overprint tolerance of general printed matter is ≤0.20mm. Newspaper printing is fast because of the speed. The overprint error should be within 0.3row.
(4) Printing pressure. Proper printing pressure is a prerequisite for smooth printing. over stressed. Deformation of the dot: the pressure is too small. The outlet is weak. The standardization of printing pressure is achieved by measuring the printing pressure in normal operation. Previous old-fashioned presses were able to measure pressure using a "fuse" and a "spacer". Today's machines only need to measure the paper thickness with a vernier caliper. And enter the data into the computer. Automatic adjustment of pressure can be achieved.
(5) Printing environment. Printing has higher requirements for ambient temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity are too high or too low. It will have a certain impact on the printability of paper and ink. and. There are many advanced equipment that impose strict requirements on ambient temperature and humidity. The temperature in the printing shop is generally controlled at 23 ± 5 ° C. Relative humidity control is suitable for 50% to 75%.
Only in the above aspects of the strict control of printing production. The standardization of printing can be realized in actual production. Improve the printing quality of printed products.
With the continuous development of international trade. The market competition is increasingly fierce. Standardization has increasingly attracted the attention of all walks of life. The relationship between printing standardization and quality is closely integrated. Printing companies, the industry can produce high quality prints under the guidance of standardization. Therefore, based on quality to open up, consolidate and occupy the market. Ultimately win the biggest economic benefits.