Nano plastic global winds
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Beer bottles made of nano-plastics have a much lower oxygen transmission rate than ordinary PET bottles, and the packaging film made of this plastic will have a good preservation effect on meat, canned food and the like. This new packaging material is beginning to make a "whirlwind" to the global food packaging industry.
The nanoplastic raw material is montmorillonite. Nano is a unit of length, one nanometer is one ten thousandth of a millimeter (ie, one nanometer), one billionth of a meter. Nanostructures usually refer to tiny structures with sizes below 100 nm. At this level, the technology for studying materials and materials is called nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is actually a technology that uses atoms and molecules to make substances.
Prof. Qi Zongneng, a key laboratory of the Engineering Plastics Institute of the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters that the so-called "nanoplastics" refers to organic/inorganic nanocomposites formed by dispersing inorganic fillers in nanometer sizes in organic polymers. In the nanocomposite, the size of the dispersed phase is at least 100 mm in at least one dimension. Under the support of the National Natural Science and Technology Fund Project, the State-owned High-tech New Materials (863) Key Project, and the Science and Technology Ministry's Sino-German Science and Technology Cooperation Project, I have been able to move from the laboratory to production after 8 years of research. It is.
The raw material used in nano-plastics is “montmorillonite”, which is a kind of natural clay mineral produced in China and is a layered silicate. Scientifically speaking, nanoplastics should be called "polymer/layered silicon complex salt nanocomposites" or "polymer/clay nanocomposites". Generally called "nano plastic". Japan first applied "montmorillonite" as raw material for the production of nano-nylon 6 in the early 1990s. Due to the novelty, the plastics industry has produced a lot of shock. Today, Nanocor's nano-bottled Miller Lite beer in the United States has been Since its launch last year, Japan's nano-film packaging foods have also begun to enter China, and nano-food packaging materials have begun to squash in the world.
Intercalation composite technology preparation process. Professor Qi pointed out that plastics are not a new term created by our country, but in fact, it is called a name in some professional publications in the world. Some people say that it is wrong to add clay to the clay or add other materials in the ordinary way. This is not called nanoplastics, nor nanocomposites, just general filler materials. The reason is that even if nano-calcium is added, it will not get a good uniformity inside, and it will not form a nano-state polymer.
The montmorillonite structure sheet is nano-scale and contains three sub-layers. The interlayer of two siloxane tetrahedral layers contains an aluminum octahedral sub-layer. The sub-layers are covalently bonded by a common oxygen atom. The combination is extremely strong. The entire structural sheet is about 1 nm thick and about 100 nm long and wide. Since some of the aluminum atoms in the aluminum octahedral sublayer are replaced by low-cost atoms, the sheet has a negative charge. The excess negative charge is balanced by cations such as Na+, Ca+, and Mg+ which are freed between the layers, and thus is easily organically montmorillonite formed by ion exchange reaction with the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt to the carbaryl cation. The exchanged montmorillonite becomes lipophilic and the distance between the layers increases. It can be further integrated with a unit or polymer matrix to form nanoplastics.
China's nano beer bottle film packaging should be industrialized. Prof. Qi showed them the nano-plastic bottles. They did not blow the bottles according to the mold of the beer bottles. They used the appearance of mineral water bottles. The experimental results showed that the gas barrier properties were greatly improved, but the transparency was not solved. It is currently the first generation of products, the second generation of products they want to be made of frosted glass, this is still a prototype of the laboratory. However, the American counterpart Nanocor has solved the problem of transparency, and the product has a good response after the market.
In the United States, plastic beer bottles are taken up from space because public entrances such as stadiums, horse venues, and casinos are not allowed to enter the market. However, in China, living habits and different concepts, plastic beer bottles are still on the sidelines for many entrepreneurs. Whether the price of the bottle, the improvement of the production line, and the promotion of the market require the company to re-calculate whether the “creative” is “cost-effective”.
The peers are not necessarily competitors. China's montmorillonite resources are abundant, so Nanocor is ready to cooperate with us to jointly develop the Chinese beer bottle market. In response to the reporter's suggestion that some foreign companies have begun carbon coating methods to solve the problem of high oxygen transmission rate of beer bottles, Professor Jiao said that if the products are formed, the market accepts, it is estimated that the market price difference of these technologies is not big. Of course, it will be more expensive than glass bottles. The key is to rely on performance and price.
This technology is used in film packaging, like nano-nylon, transparency is well resolved, and the shelf life of canned, meat, and cheese products will be extended. The price of nano-films is definitely cheaper than that of aluminum-plastic composite films, but the current products are not as good as the three-layer aluminum-plastic film. Through the efforts of scientists, it is possible to develop a layer of nano-film. And it may be faster than the development of the Nemi beer bottle.
The biggest problem is the shortage of research and development funds. In response to the industrialization of nano-plastics, Professor Qi believes that the main reason is the shortage of research and development funds. After all, we are research institutes. In the early stage, we relied on national funds to conduct research. The latter promotion relied on the input of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneur input certainly has their considerations. They would rather spend a lot of money to buy mature products from abroad. If they let them continue to do research and development, they think that the risks are great. Although they are cheap, they are not willing to set them up. This is the Chinese scientific community. A strange circle." Although science can only do this stage of the laboratory, go ahead, the money is gone, and foreign companies have a large capital operation fund to support research, once they succeed, they begin to expand the global market.
Nano-plastics is a big market for food packaging. China has taken a gratifying step, and the shortage of funds has become the biggest difficulty in industrialization. At present, Nano Plastics, the State Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics of the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has applied for 12 invention patents, 8 publicly, and 3 authorized. With the implementation of the Institute's transformation into the direction of enterprise, Professor Qi said that in the near future, their products will enter people's lives.