Development and application of inkjet printing technology
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Summary
Recently, with the rapid development of personal computers, printers have become a very common peripheral device, and inkjet printers have taken advantage of its low price and rich colors to create a block in the market. Unstoppable craze, bringing printers from the company to the general family; but in order to improve the printing quality of their products, various manufacturers have spared no effort to publish unique technologies belonging to their own products. The technical summary of the printing method, as well as the impact of various new technologies in the industry on the output, can understand the current development and future development direction.
1. preface
Color printing has undergone considerable changes in a very short period of time: improved print quality, reduced prices, high productivity, etc., all of which are widely used by households, schools, and even company codes. major factor. On the other hand, with the increase of computer speed, the large capacity of storage devices, the growth of digital imaging technology, and the use of a large number of graphics on the Internet, the printers are now used not only to print black and white texts, charts, reports, etc. But it has many uses, such as: photos, T-shirts, calendars, posters, stickers, business cards, mugs, etc., so the inkjet printer's color stability, tone performance, high resolution, and software compatibility The development of sex and inkjet-specific materials has become a quality judgment standard that we cannot ignore.
Epson's inkjet technology uses a very fine ink dot 6pl to spray 1440 dots per inch in a halftone manner, which is 1440 X 1440 dots per unit area (inches). The eye is illusioned to form different colors, and each drop of ink is equally large; and HP's printer technology can precisely control the ink level, which is controlled at the same position. Or spray a drop to spray sixteen drops, so that you can make 17 kinds of tone, and each color has 17th order, so C, M, Y three colors have 17X17X17=4913 kinds of color scale, the above two brands The basic principles of color formation are very different, so there must be different characteristics in color performance. In addition, there are a variety of new technologies, such as: PPIS (Perfect Picture Image System), micro-needle point piezoelectric inkjet technology, AcuPhoto Halftoning, intelligent control of ink dot size, ink volume control, etc. It is very helpful to improve the printing quality of the printer.
2. History of development of inkjet printing
Traditional printing has always been inseparable from pressure transfer. To transfer, it has to be plated. However, the cost and time of plate making, no matter how advanced, can not meet a small number of modern printing trends, in order to find a simple, low-cost printing method, so Going to the development of no-print, pressure-free inkjet printing. Speaking of the new favorite of computer gamers nowadays, the inkjet printer will be traced back to 1884. American CH Richard puts water in the syringe, and the needle ends fly out of the droplet. With electricity, using a power plant to control its landing point, an image can be formed on the paper. This is called fog printing. At that time, because of problems with needles and inks, the effect was not good until it was officially entered into the practical stage in 1960. Ten years ago, inkjet was used for bar code processing or product serial number printing. The print variability of inkjet printing increased the convenience of the order, but the resolution was still disappointing; it was not sprayed until nearly five or six years. The quality of ink printing has grown by leaps and bounds, but it is difficult to quickly spread to the average family due to insufficient capacity of digital data storage devices. In recent years, due to the development of digital technology, the progress of digital cameras and the storage equipment have been rapidly progressing. It is not difficult to obtain a high-quality digital image file, so more and more computer users demanding inkjet printing quality, and now almost There is a printer in every household, and the share of inkjet printers accounts for 65 percent (1999, June). It can be seen that the quality and price of inkjet have been accepted by the public.
3. inkjet printing
There are more than 20 ways of inkjet printing, but the basic principle is to first generate small ink droplets, and then guide them to the set position, which can be roughly summarized into continuous and intermittent; so-called continuous Inkjet, whether ink or non-printing, produces ink droplets in a continuous manner, and then recycles or disperses non-printed ink droplets; while intermittent inkjet produces ink droplets only in the printed portion.
First, continuous inkjet printing (Continuous Jet)
(1) Deflected Drop to Print
After the ink is ejected, vibrated, and decomposed into small ink droplets, it passes through an electric field. Due to the action of static electricity, the small ink droplets flew straight ahead after flying over the electric field regardless of the charge or not. When the electromagnetic field is deviated, the ink droplets with a large charge amount are strongly attracted, and the tortuosity is large. On the contrary, the deflection is smaller. Uncharged ink droplets will be accumulated in the ink collection groove.
(2) Undeflected Drop to Print
It is very similar to the above-mentioned one, the only difference is that the deviated charge is recovered, and the non-offset charge instead goes straight to form a print.
(3) The ink droplets that are not needed to make "electrostatic split" (Electrostatic Dispersion)
The ink flow is still pressurized and ejected from the nozzle, but the tube hole is more slender, and its diameter is about 10-15 Microns. The droplets of the tube are fine to be automatically decomposed into tiny inks. drop. These fine ink droplets are passed through the charging ring of the same electrode. Since these ink droplets are quite small, these charged ink droplets are again split into fog inks due to the repelling of the same-sense charge, at which point it loses its directionality and "does not print." On the contrary, the uncharged ink will not split and form a print. Can be used as a continuous tone printing.
Second, intermittent inkjet printing (Intermittent Jet)
(1) Electrostatic pull (Electrostatic Pull)
The ink is ejected by electrostatic attraction, and the ink at the nozzle hole forms a convex half-moon type, and then an electrode plate is juxtaposed to protrude the surface tension of the ink, which is subject to high electric current on the parallel electrode plate. damage. Therefore, the ink droplets are pulled out by electrostatic force. These ink droplets are electrostatically charged and can be shifted vertically or horizontally, and are shot at a set position or recycled on a shield plate.
(2) Thermal Ink Jet
The ink is heated in a very short time to expand the volume of the gas in the vicinity of the resistor, and a small amount of ink will become vapor, and the ink is squeezed out of the nozzle to fly onto the paper to form a print. After the ink droplets are ejected, the temperature is lowered, so that the temperature in the ink chamber is also rapidly lowered, and the protruding ink is pulled back into the ink cartridge by the capillary principle.