Computer graphic design and prepress graphic processing (3)
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25. What is the composition of the computer design system? What software and hardware do you need for the simplest design system?
A: The color desktop publishing system software can implement many creative design functions and can complete the graphic design work of previous professional printer designers. Designers are beginning to use computers for graphic design and are becoming more popular. The use of computers for graphic design has become a common means for art designers. Some people refer to the software and software of art graphic designers for graphic design as computer design system. It is slightly different from the color desktop publishing system, and does not need such a complete and large equipment. Generally, the software and hardware required for the simplest design system are: hardware: a flatbed scanner, a fast computing computer, a color printer, and a large-capacity disk storage (for sending the produced electronic files to the output center). Output). Software: Image processing software, vector graphics software, and typesetting software can be used. The computer design system can complete all the work of the graphic design, and then form the electronic file and then process it to the outside, so that no large equipment such as a laser imagesetter is needed.
26. Why do computer design systems require large amounts of memory? What are the commonly used mass storage?
A: Many photos or computer-made images are used in the design. Because of the need for print output, the resolution of the image is usually high, about 300dpi, so the disk space occupied by the image is very large. For example, a 4K imposition file, generally all storage files should exceed 100M. The commonly used 3.5-inch floppy disk does not meet the requirements for storing images, so large-capacity memory is used. Commonly used mass storage devices are: 1 optical disk (MO) drive with 230M and 640M or larger. 2 active hard drives. 3ZIP (100M) drive. 4 rewritable discs.
27. What are the workflows for prepress design or computer design?
A: The general workflow has the following basic processes: clear design and printing requirements, accept customer data; design: including input text, images, ideas, imposition; black and white or color proof, let customers modify; modify according to the school draft The school draft is released again, and the customer can modify it until it is finalized; let the customer sign the film after printing; pre-press proofing; send the proof to the customer to see if there is any problem, if there is no problem, let the customer sign. All work on the prepress design is completed. If there is a problem in the proof, you have to modify it and re-export the film.
28. What is the workflow for the computer design system to complete the design?
A: The workflow in the design system is as follows: First, the original is scanned according to the final size of the image, and the image is adjusted in the image software, and some creative design work can be completed. Typographic design work in graphics or typesetting software: including inputting text, drawing graphics, and placing images. After the customer has finalized the document, send the file to the output center output film. The laser imagesetter works in the PostScript language. The RIP (Raster Image Processor) describes the layout as a bitmap image and is divided into C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and K (black) colors. sheet. If the final requirement of the design is not the output film, but a large color inkjet sample, the output can be done with the inkjet printer.
29. What installation work is required to get the simplest design system up and running?
A: 1 computer host installation: including installing the operating system, let the computer work properly. 2 The font library used in the design is installed. The installation of the font is used on the computer: the PC can add the font to the font file, and the MAC machine directly drags the font into the font folder. Don't install too many fonts, otherwise the application software will open and run slowly, and it is more troublesome to select fonts. Laser printer font installation: For PS laser printers, print fonts can be installed on the hard disk connected to it. 3 Application software installation: Install image software, graphics software, and typesetting software. You can follow the software installation steps during installation. Some softwares need to be restarted before they can be used. 4 scanner driver installation: There are two installation methods for the scanner driver: one is independent installation, and the other is to start under Photoshop. The method installed under Photoshop is: Step 1: Install the driver software and select the installation path as the folder where Photoshop is located. Step 2: After the installation is complete, open FilelmportTwainSelect in Photoshop, you can see the dialog box and select the scanner driver software name. Step 3: The selected scanner driver software will automatically appear in the Filelmport menu. Once selected, the scanner can be launched. 5 Color printer driver installation: The installation method can be performed according to the installation requirements. It should be noted that if the computer system has been changed, some installation work will be repeated.
30. Is the color computer design good for using an Apple computer? Or is the PC good?
A: The original prepress design software was developed on the MAC machine. With the introduction and development of the Windows graphical user interface, many software has been slowly ported to the PC. Today's graphic design software has two platform versions, so there is no limit to the use of the software. As for the hardware, the price of the MAC machine is higher than that of the PC (especially the PC compatible machine). However, from the perspective of color reproduction, color management, and graphic processing technology, the use of a PC is weaker than that of a MAC machine. Therefore, for art designers, the use of MAC machines is more suitable. Because of the following reasons: the operation interface of the MAC machine is more concise, and the operation is more "idiot". The color management on the MAC machine is more complete, and the colors displayed on the display are closer to the actual ones. The MAC processing technology of the MAC machine is more stable, and there are fewer opportunities for errors in the work. Of course, if you have rich experience in color, you can work with data in your operation, or you can use a PC. The use of a PC is relatively less expensive.
31. Will there be a problem with the image printing of digital cameras?
A: Digital cameras are divided into home-type cameras and professional-made digital cameras. Professional plate-making digital cameras have high resolution and image quality is certainly not a problem. Whether the image of an ordinary household digital camera can be used for printing should be carefully checked. The convenient method is to change the resolution to 300dpi in Photoshop, the size meets your requirements, and the image is clearly displayed on the screen, and the layer is clear. There should be no problem with it. For example, using KODAK, CD215 to shoot an RGB color image size of 40.64 × 30.48cm2, resolution 72dpi, converted to 300dpi image size is 9.75 × 7.32cm2, slightly smaller than ordinary photo paper. If the final image is about the same size as 9.75 x 7.32 cm2, there is no problem with the quality of the print.
32. What is Chinese character recognition? Is there any technical problem now?
A: Chinese character recognition is an automatic computer Chinese character input technology. It scans, photographs, or captures the trajectory in real time, and the document or track is automatically recognized by the computer as the corresponding Chinese character and converted into the corresponding Chinese character code. This method can input Chinese characters into the computer without any keyboard Chinese input method. In the design, the printed document sent by the customer is sometimes used, and the Chinese character recognition method can be used for input, and there is no technical problem. If the original quality is good, the kerning and the line spacing are open, the accuracy rate can reach 95%.
33. What are the influencing factors of scanning Chinese character recognition methods?
A: Now the technology of Chinese character recognition by scanning method is very mature. If the quality of scanned text is good, the accuracy rate can reach over 95%. Sometimes there is a situation with low accuracy. This is mainly because of the following factors: there is line interference in the text, then the recognition rate is low; the kerning of the text is too dense; the line spacing of the text is too dense; The scan quality is too poor, the word is not clear, and there are many places where the line is drawn. For the above situation, you can remove the interference factor in Photoshop and adjust the kerning and line spacing.
34. What functions should the typesetting software have? What is the difference between it and office word processing software?
A: The typesetting software is designed for the professional typesetting field. It should be able to process text, perform image positioning, draw basic graphics, and support printing reverse image output. The word processing includes the following functions: font, font size setting, English syllable processing when changing lines, and various banned processing, so that the discharged layout meets the grammar requirements. Office word processing software generally has poor processing functions in graphics and images, and does not support reverse image output.
35. What are the conditions for excellent typesetting software?
A: Generally excellent typesetting software should have the following characteristics: 1 Support PostScript language output. 2 WYSIWYG, the page display results and output results are consistent, including text size, fonts, graphics, etc., the color should be as consistent as possible on the screen display. 3 Openness: The software can be compatible with other application files, and the generated files can be accepted and used by other software. 4 for the powerful functions of magazines, advertisements, and newspapers, you can achieve a variety of deformation and cutting, effect production.
36. What are the commonly used typesetting software? What are the characteristics?
A: The current popular typesetting software includes: PageMaker from Adobe, QuarkX-press from Quark, FIT from Feoda Founder, Monte typesetting software, and Wenyuange typesetting software. Among them, Page-Maker, FIT and QuarkXpress are more used in typesetting software and have stronger functions. The features of FIT include: Chinese processing function is strong, it can meet various Chinese banned requirements, graphics drawing function is strong, the shading is more, and the transformation function is strong. PageMaker features: PDF and HTML files, layer management, color management, graphic links, and table creation. QuarkXpress features: automatic backup and storage, group page function, EPS output, gradient fill graphics, and more. In view of the above characteristics, the application fields of the three types of typesetting software are as follows: FIT is used for a layout with complicated Chinese characters and complicated graphics. Such as newspapers, periodicals, etc.; PageMaker is used for printing and typesetting, and making electronic publications; QuarkXpress is used for large-scale color magazines with large pictures, few texts, advertisements, albums, etc.
37. What is TrueType technology? What are the characteristics of TrueType fonts?
A: TrueType is a new mathematical glyph description technology jointly proposed by AppleComputer and Microsoft. It uses mathematical functions to describe the outline of the font outline, including glyph construction, color fill, digital description function, flow condition control, raster processing control, and additional prompt control. TrueType uses the quadratic B-spline curve and line in geometry to describe the outline of the font. Its characteristic is: TrueType can be used both as a print font and as a screen display; since it is described by the command, it is described by the instruction. Regardless of resolution, the output is always output at the resolution of the printer. Regardless of zooming in or out, the characters are always smooth and do not appear jagged. But compared to PostScript fonts, the quality is worse. Especially when the text is too small, it is not very clear.
38. What are the characteristics of Bitmap (dot matrix font)? Where is it used?
A: Bitmap fonts are screen fonts that are used for faster display. Its characteristic is: because it is described by dot matrix, it is related to resolution. When zooming in or out, there may be sawtooth. Dot matrix fonts are not smooth when printed and are of poor quality. Generally not used for output.
39. What are the advantages of TrueType fonts?
A: TrueType fonts have the following advantages: 1 true WYSIWYG font. Because True-Type fonts support almost all output devices, they can be output at the resolution of the device, whether on screens, laser printers, laser imagesetters, or color inkjet printers, so the output is smooth. 2 supports font embedding technology. When saving, all the TrueType fonts used in the file can be stored in the file in an embedded manner, so that all the fonts in the entire file can be easily transferred to other computers. Embedding technology ensures that computers that do not have the appropriate fonts installed can print in their original format in their original format. 3 operating system compatibility. Both the MAC and the PC support TrueType fonts, and both can open the application file directly in the software of the same name without replacing the font.
40. What is the PostScript language?
A: PostScript is a page description language developed by Adobe. It is an interface language output from the desktop system to output devices. It is designed to describe images and text. PostScript describes the image and text on the page in a mathematical formula and finally translates it to the desired output via a PostScript decoder (Interpreter), such as on the screen or on a printer or laser imagesetter. Since the software used in the desktop system has image software, graphics software, and typesetting software, their functions are different. When so many softwares work together, they must exchange information according to a certain standard format. Their common standard is the PostScript language. PostScript is the most popular page description language in the world and a de facto industry standard. Its perfect design makes it the choice of multiple manufacturers' equipment and is supported by numerous software. Almost all prepress output devices support the PS language, and the success of the PS language has made the open electronic publishing system widely popular internationally.
41. What are the characteristics of the PostScript language?
A: The biggest feature of PostScript is the ability to process text, graphics and images. In a page of prints, it may contain various elements such as text, lines, graphics, images, and flat screens. PostScript uses a computer data to represent and describe these forms of information, which provides the possibility of layout processing. . With the PostScript standard, digital data exchange is possible between computers of different manufacturers and between devices. It is the basis for the openness of color desktop publishing systems. Another feature of PostScript is that it avoids the dependence of the layout on the device. As long as it conforms to the PS standard, whether it is made by MAC or PC, you can get the common PS encoded file through the print driver. The PS output devices can output correctly according to their own resolution, regardless of the resolution of the device, and have the same structure page.