Book season printing off season season and countermeasures
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Recently, during a lecture on publishing and printing training classes, the participants concentrated on reflecting that this year's textbooks were printed late, and the publishing house was difficult to do. The author and their exchange of some of their views and methods are as follows, or for reference.
First, the meaning and origin of the low season and peak season of book printing
Light and prosperous is a qualitative description of the total amount of movement of a thing. In the season, the concept of meteorology refers to three months. In the off-season and peak seasons in the field of economics, it refers to the seasonal difference in the total amount of economic activity such as production or trading. The meaning of the season here is not a strict three months in the original sense, but a period of time in the approximate months.
Specific to the publishing and printing market in mainland China, the peak season for book printing is roughly from May to July and November to January of the following year. The off-season is generally in the second to fourth months of the year and from September to November.
Then, what is the reason for the low season and peak season of book printing? The author believes that the main reason is the centralized printing of various textbooks in mainland China. Chinese mainland textbooks are generally divided into autumn and spring. Among them, autumn textbooks account for more than 60% of the total textbooks. Generally, the time is sent to the printing factory from May to early July. The time required to send books is generally no later than the end of July. Spring textbooks account for less than 40% of the total textbooks. Generally, the time is sent to the printing house in November and December. The time required to send books is generally no later than the end of January of the following year.
Although the printing volume of textbooks in mainland China accounts for a small proportion of the total amount of printed materials, it has a considerable share in the source of printing houses that print textbooks. During the peak season, some of the printing materials undertaken by the printing plant even exceeded the total production capacity of the plant. Therefore, as soon as the textbooks are printed, the factories will have to use their horsepower. The two classes will be used in three classes, and they will be able to make a continuous rotation. Although the results have mostly been completed, it is inevitable that Rob will not wash the mud or have to open a new printing factory, which makes the product quality unsatisfactory. Moreover, the equipment personnel are overloaded, the equipment has to shorten the life; the employees are also overdrafted, and some fall ill. When the peak season is over, the production tasks are immediately reduced sharply. Some printing companies have to cover the equipment and give employees a holiday. Especially in recent years, due to the delay in the printing of textbooks and the delay in the printing of tenders, the factories have not dared to undertake other tasks, so they have repeatedly urged and complained. From a macro perspective, in order to meet the needs of centralized printing of textbooks, printers must equip all kinds of resources far greater than the average value, which in turn causes the lack of average operating rates of book and printing factories, leading to a decline in printing prices. This has also prompted recent printers to be hesitant and cautious about increasing the number of high-speed equipment; the author also suggested not to enter new equipment, but to increase the number of printing materials printing companies to deal with.
Second, the printing industry should respond to the ideas and measures of the teaching season
Due to the phenomenon of printing and printing seasons formed by textbooks, various printing companies as direct victims have taken many countermeasures in practice, and there are also some very good suggestions. However, "people" is slightly lighter and has little effect. The current selection is as follows, for the reference of the industry. It is also hoped that it will attract the attention, research and action of relevant government departments to change the status quo from the source.
1. The author believes that the most fundamental improvement idea is to enable the teaching materials to have ample time-balanced plate making, printing and binding.
According to the government's request, the textbook must be in the book before class. This is a political task that we must complete in the publishing industry. There must be no ambiguity. It can only be stipulated by the relevant government departments to pre-deliver the textbooks and deliver them to the printing house. For example, can the autumn teaching materials be delivered to April, preferably in March; the spring teaching materials will be delivered to October, preferably in September. In this way, each printing factory can carry out the production of teaching materials with ease and high quality, and it is also beneficial for the printing factory to undertake some general books and periodicals in a balanced manner to dilute the obvious printing seasonality.
Before the government has made the above adjustments, we have other specific suggestions and some modifications as follows.
2. It is recommended that the upstream organization of the printing industry be aware of the objective reality of the printing capacity of the two seasons in a certain period of time, and carry out the plan of the wrong peak-filling-type plant--there is less activity in the peak period of the teaching materials, and more live in the low-end period of the teaching materials. . For example, the annual book ordering meeting in Beijing and the holding time of the National Book Festival should be selected in the later period of the textbook season, so that the publishers can catch up with the printing factory during the off-season of the textbook after receiving the order. As a publishing house with textbooks, it should be consciously to give way to other non-textbooks as teaching materials, instead of making artificial non-textbooks to complete tasks for a certain period of time, as well as textbooks because of artificial planning, indicators, and assessment restrictions. Fight for valuable limited time.
3. There are also some methods and ideas for the operation of the textbook itself. For example, the publishing department of the publishing house knows the ordering intention in advance to the subscriber, sign the contract as soon as possible, and provide the printing department with the printing number as soon as possible. It is also possible to break the practice of providing impressions in batches, and to provide real-time supply and a single supply (especially for large orders), so that the publishing department can arrange production in time. For a confident order, try to pre-print as early as possible. For the textbooks with large prints, they can be printed in batches and delivered in batches according to the needs of the subscribers.
4. Under the premise of qualified printing quality, it is one of the wise choices of many textbook publishers to continuously increase the number of teaching materials printing factories and reduce the proportion of printing materials printed by individual printing houses. This is also beneficial for the printing company to adjust its product structure and marketing strategy to achieve balanced production.
Third, the response of individual printing companies in the off-season and peak season
Although we can regulate and control the printing season from all levels and parties, no matter from theoretical analysis or practice, the off-season and peak season of individual printing companies are inconsistent, with outstanding and inconspicuous points. But absolute equilibrium is always unrealistic.
How should a single printing company deal with the off-season and peak season? We also have some methods and suggestions for peer reference.
1. According to the conditions of the publishing and printing market and the specific conditions of the company, the principle of balanced production in time series is clarified, and the marketing business department is required to undertake the printing business as balanced as possible. Conditional companies can consider accepting overseas orders to compensate for the lack of production tasks in the off-season. Recently, the beekeeping of printing e-commerce has opened up new possibilities for the printing enterprises to adjust their busyness - printing companies can create conditions to do printing e-commerce franchisees - actively grab the orders during the off-season to make up for the shortfall.
2. In order to achieve the goal of balanced production, it is decided that the company will produce and undertake appropriate proportions of various products. For example, the proportion of textbooks, periodicals and general books can each account for one-third. In this way, even in the peak season of the textbook, the production time of other products is kept as low as possible to meet the minimum needs of non-textbook customers, so that non-textbook customers can continue to supply printing tasks after the textbook season.
3. Strengthen the collection of information on supply and demand in the publishing and printing market, and strengthen communication and cooperation with brother printing companies, especially surrounding enterprises, so as to adjust the balance in the off-season and peak season.
4. Despite the above measures, as an economy in a market economy environment, there will always be an imbalance in production time and an imbalance between production processes in a single printing enterprise. For the imbalance between production processes, it is recommended to take long-term and temporary measures such as training and versatile, and temporarily repatriating personnel. For the imbalance of production time, it is arranged according to the length of time available and zero. For example, it is possible to concentrate on overhauling equipment, conducting technical exchanges and training, conducting quality education and training, and developing and inculcating various activities related to cultivating corporate culture. In short, it is necessary to effectively use the off-season time to improve the competitiveness and reserve work of the company, so as to maximize the production during the peak season and supplement the losses in the off-season.