Application of machine vision system in the packaging industry
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Market competition promotes machine vision development
In modern industrial automation production, a variety of inspection, measurement and part identification applications are involved, such as automatic positioning of components for electronic assembly lines, print quality inspection of beverage closures, bar code and character recognition on product packaging. A common feature of this type of application is the continuous mass production and the high quality of the appearance. Usually this kind of work with high repeatability and intelligence can only be done by manual inspection. We often see hundreds of inspection workers to perform this process behind the modern assembly line of some factories, which is added to the factory. At the same time of huge labor costs and management costs, 100% inspection pass rate (ie “zero defect”) is still not guaranteed. And today's competition between enterprises, apparently has not allowed 0.1% of defects.
At this time, people began to consider the computer's rapidity, reliability, and the reproducibility of results, combined with the highly intelligent and abstract capabilities of human vision, resulting in the concept of machine vision. Machine vision is characterized by automation, objectivity, non-contact and high precision. Compared to image processing systems in general, machine vision emphasizes accuracy and speed, as well as reliability in industrial field environments. Machine vision is suitable for measurement, inspection and identification in mass production processes, such as: part assembly integrity, assembly dimensional accuracy, part machining accuracy, position and angle measurement, part identification, character recognition, etc. The largest application industry is : pharmaceutical, manufacturing, food, beverage, medicine, etc., such as: rapid positioning of electronic components on high-speed placement machines; inspection of the number of pins; identification of printed characters on the surface of IC; capsule wall thickness and appearance in capsule production Inspection of defects; inspection of the number and damage of balls in bearing production; identification of the date of manufacture on food packaging; inspection of the placement of labels. At present, the application of the visual system in the world is in the ascendant. In 1998, the market size was 4.6 billion US dollars. In China, the industrial vision system is still in the concept introduction period. The leading enterprises in various industries have started to solve the problem of production automation. Turn your attention to visual measurement automation.
Composition and classification of machine vision systems
Machine vision is to use the machine instead of the human eye to make measurements and judgments. The machine vision system converts the ingested target into an image signal through machine vision products (ie, image capturing device, divided into COMS and CCD), and transmits it to a dedicated image processing system, and converts it into information according to pixel distribution, brightness, color, and the like. Digitized signals; the image system performs various operations on these signals to extract features of the target, and then controls the behavior of the device in the field according to other results.
Machine vision systems are characterized by increased flexibility and automation. In some dangerous work environments that are not suitable for manual work or where artificial vision is difficult to meet the requirements, machine vision is often used instead of artificial vision. At the same time, in the large-scale industrial production process, the quality of the product is inspected by artificial vision and the precision is not high. The machine vision inspection method can greatly improve the production efficiency and the automation degree of production. In addition, machine vision is easy to achieve information integration, is the basic technology to achieve computer integration.
A typical industrial machine vision application system includes the following parts: light source, lens, CCD camera, image processing unit (or image capture card), image processing software, monitor, communication (input and output unit), etc. The workflow is: first The camera obtains the image signal of the target to be measured, and then converts it into a digital signal by A/D conversion to a dedicated image processing system, and performs various operations to extract the characteristics of the target according to information such as pixel distribution, brightness, and color, and then The judgment result is output according to the preset criterion, and the drive actuator is controlled to perform corresponding processing. Machine vision is a comprehensive technology, including digital image processing technology, mechanical engineering technology, control technology, light source lighting technology, optical imaging technology, sensor technology, analog and digital video technology, computer hardware and software technology, human-machine interface technology. Machine vision emphasizes practicality, requires adaptability to the harsh environment of industrial sites, has reasonable cost performance, universal industrial interface, high fault tolerance and security, and has strong versatility and portability. Real-time, requiring high speed and high precision.
In short, the application of machine vision systems can significantly reduce inspection costs, improve product quality, and speed up production and efficiency. As a high-precision, non-contact measurement solution, the vision system involves optical and image processing algorithms, which are themselves highly specialized products. In the entire measurement control system, position correction and feed control are often performed in conjunction with the motion control system. In addition, when the production line performs simultaneous and continuous detection of multiple processes, the vision system must have distributed networking capabilities. The combination of machine vision and motion control, network communication and other advanced technologies is changing the face of industrial automation production.