Three-dimensional printing
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Three-dimensional printing, with its dazzling appearance, varied effects, and distinct characteristics, has attracted people's attention and favor. It has developed rapidly in foreign countries and is widely used in handicrafts, Chinese New Year cards, book catalogues, anti-counterfeit trademarks, billboards, light boxes. And clothing, and China's three-dimensional printing is not shocked, until nearly two or three years, it gradually entered people's field of vision. What hinders the pace of three-dimensional printing? Who is paying attention to its development? Is the value of three-dimensional printing investment geometric? These issues, the industry's ingenuity, provides us with some reference.
The hardships of commercialization
Stereo printing has caught people's attention with its unique effect. According to experts, stereo printing has been popular in Europe and America for many years. However, in China, it has undergone a long process. Since 1999, three-dimensional printing has begun to be applied. It has gradually developed in 2000 and 2001, and its momentum is good.
Know the problem
An expert who has been engaged in stereo printing for more than 30 years said that many domestic printing companies have insufficient understanding of new product development. As long as they have the ability to work and start up, they will not actively seek technical breakthroughs if they are not starved to death. Some printing companies still hold traditional ideas, wait for the rice to cook, rarely work hard to develop new product areas, and do not accept the concept of new things. Foreign countries are not the same. Liquid crystal, fragrance, foaming, etc., which are rare in China, have been widely used.
Technical difficulties
In the past, three-dimensional printing was a systematic project, including stereo cameras, stereo computer plates and grating composite machines. Each aspect of development required unique expertise, except for computer plate making and grating stencils and grating machinery. There are design and manufacturing capabilities, otherwise it is very difficult to start production; and the production equipment is expensive, the process technology is complicated, and the production cost is high, which affects the promotion and popularization of three-dimensional printing. The commercialization of three-dimensional printing is an arduous process, so stereo printing has only been applied in a small scale in the past several years. Nowadays, with the application of computer technology and CTP, the problem of plate making has been well solved, and the application of stereo products can be further promoted.
Price threshold
The expensive prices of previous years have also prevented the development of three-dimensional printing. Grating is an important raw material for three-dimensional printing. Just a few years ago, the price of imported high-precision thick-type grating was more than 1,000 yuan per square meter. Together with the production cost, ordinary customers could not bear the price.
In recent years, the price of gratings has fallen all the way, although it is higher than flat printing, but if mass production, its price is still acceptable. For printing companies, the grating is expensive, the purchase is calculated by square meters, but the processing of three-dimensional products is also calculated according to the area. For customers, the use of three-dimensional prints has improved the grade of the products and is more conducive to long-term development. When asked if the end customer can accept the price much higher than the plane printing, an expert who has been engaged in three-dimensional printing for a long time uses the metaphor of such an image. The plane-to-three-dimensional transformation is like a black-and-white picture to a color picture more than ten years ago. The change is the same, although it is somewhat expensive, but the grade has gone up, the effect has improved, just like hardcover and Lite have their own market.
Love the reason for three-dimensional
According to relevant experts, the annual output value of several three-dimensional printing enterprises in Guangdong has exceeded 100 million yuan. What promoted the development of stereo printing? Relevant three-dimensional printing companies have their own opinions, summed up, there are so many points.
Magical appearance
The three-dimensional products have three kinds of stereoscopic, animated and dissimilar images, which produce unique effects, which are completely different from traditional flat printing. Stereoscopic products are vital images, which are rapidly emerging overseas because of their exquisite and novel features. It is the easiest to impress customers who are pursuing novelty. These special features enhance the added value of products, and become an excellent means for customers to promote goods and improve the market image and novel advertising media, which has played an effective role in publicity.
Customer demand
Raster images are very popular in Europe and America, because it is like a dynamic advertisement, which can express information deeper and more vividly. Therefore, foreign demand for three-dimensional prints is very large, and many three-dimensional printing products made by domestic printers are exported. At the same time, three-dimensional printing also has a large market in China. Many printers are interested in it because three-dimensional printing allows them to find a new investment project. They need this new project to improve their profits. This new Technology is more profitable than the original technology, which is the key to printing business investment. [next]
Price advantage
Market research shows that the three-dimensional printing form is recognized by many printing companies, but its high production costs and low yields make them have to give up. In the past, if you were doing large-scale outdoor advertising, you would need to use thousands of dollars per square meter of imported grating materials, plus production costs, close to 2,000 yuan, which is difficult for ordinary customers to accept. Now the price of grating materials has been reduced. Depending on the material, dozens to several hundred yuan can be purchased. The domestic direct printing raster is even more than ten yuan. The most concerned price problem can now be Accepted, the development of three-dimensional printing in China will have a broad space.
Technological development
In the 21st century, the production of stereoscopic images entered the digital age. The three-dimensional image uses computer software, computer direct plate-making technology, and adopts high-precision printing equipment of FM network to ensure the quality of three-dimensional printing, promote the development of three-dimensional printing, and the production technology is becoming more and more perfect and stable. A new era.
Security function
Stereo printing uses a comprehensive anti-counterfeiting method of optical encryption. In the past, anti-counterfeiting technology, because the technology is too single, it is impossible to prevent. The three-dimensional anti-counterfeiting trademark is made by optical refraction data encryption and cannot be reproduced on an electronic color separation machine like ordinary printed matter. This technology can be applied to the anti-counterfeiting labels of tobacco, alcohol, beverages, cosmetics, clothing, medicines and other products. Some experts have boldly predicted that the three-dimensional trademark will inevitably become the main anti-counterfeiting method within 3 to 5 years.
Investment book
It is predicted that within three years, three-dimensional printing will become the mainstream of the national print advertising industry. With its current price and the rich form it can carry, it will certainly be favored by customers. For advertisers, they obviously feel that the company is transferring the funds of outdoor advertising to some new promotional media, and the funds for outdoor advertising are gradually decreasing. Therefore, advertisers must come up with some novel and more tempting. Express the form to attract customers. At present, the three-dimensional printing is the best form of expression, and does not require expensive costs. As long as it is technically strictly controlled, it can produce beautiful three-dimensional prints. When investing, the following points are to be considered.
Technical preparation
Stereo printing is generally the same as general printing, but it is more rigorous and requires more precision. For example, the overprint should be accurate, and the dot reduction should be more clear and saturated, otherwise it will affect the clarity and three-dimensionality of the image.
Software selection
It is very important to carry out three-dimensional printing to realize the transition of image from plane to stereo. There are two ways to achieve this: one is to use the camera to directly take stereo photos, and the other is to use professional software to transform the planar image into a volume image. In these two ways, the stereo shooting effect is good, but the implementation is far less convenient than the latter. The software for flat-to-three-dimensional software has two main types of high-speed domestic use: one is professional software, such as 3D4U, and the other is common software Photoshop, CoreDraw, etc.
With 3D4U software, only a flat image is required from the customer, and it can be turned into a stereo image after being processed by software. Relatively speaking, Photoshop's production process is slightly complicated. For example, if you need 12 layers of pictures, you need to shift 12 times, then synthesize. If you are not satisfied, it is very time-consuming and difficult to modify. 3D4U adopts parameter type, how many layers, only Depending on whether the positive or negative parameters are given, there is no need to do it in layers, which saves manpower and material resources. Of course, the price difference between the two is also very large, 3D4U software is worth $4,500, and Photoshop is priced at $600 to $700. [next]
Identification of materials
There are three kinds of grating materials: PET, PP, PVC.
PET grating production and processing are generally in foreign countries, with the best stability, high picture quality, and not easy to deform. Due to its anti-UV properties, it is suitable for advertising outdoors, can receive sunlight, does not easily yellow discoloration, and its yield is high.
PP gratings are also very stable, and the image quality is generally used for low-priced products.
PVC gratings are not used for toys and food packaging products in Europe and the United States because they are toxic and environmentally friendly. The accuracy and stability are not enough, resulting in the image cannot be completely synchronized when the stereo image is printed, and the scrap rate is often high because the quality of the material itself limits its yield.
Technical dictionary
Networked printing production
Networked printing production refers to the continuous production system from the acceptance of the order until the completion of the transaction. The core is to perform real-time calculation and control of each processing link (including processing equipment) of the printing, to ensure the successful completion of the printing.
This system generates an electronic folder containing all important production parameters for each new print. At the print production console, once the relevant data including the production plan deadline, requirements and enterprise production capacity are received, a dynamically changing workflow list can be automatically generated to guide the entire printing production process.
The printing is delivered to the prepress department after careful planning. The operator calls up the corresponding printing list, puts the relevant printing production data (such as images, logos, etc.) into the database, and can automatically generate the production folder and complete Subsequent print preparation, format proofing, and CTP output are all ready for work. The production plan produced by the workstation also includes the CIP3 data for folding, cutting and binding processing, which is then transferred to the corresponding processing equipment via the interface.
Through networked printing production, the non-working time of printing production can be greatly shortened. However, whether the entire printing production process is smooth or not, the key is whether the generated production operation data can be continuously transmitted back and updated through the data control interface, so that the dynamic random calculation of the printing activity can be realized.
Sleeve type belt flattening system
Generally, when a simple deflectable curved flattening roller is used, the paper strip is easily deformed in the lateral direction by the determined curved curved surface which has been formed, and even the paper is generated due to excessive tensile deformation. With a central tear, especially ultra-wide, ultra-thin paper tape. The sleeve-type belt flattening system with controllable deformation can not be affected by the change of the tension of the paper strip itself or the original tension distribution of the paper strip during the process of flattening the pleating of the paper strip, thereby maintaining The tension value that has been set during tape operation is constant.
During the tape printing process, the tape enters from the compressed area of the rubber sleeve surface and then gradually enters the stretched area. Since the flattening process of the paper tape is attached to the surface of the sleeve, it is gradually completed by the deformation of the surface of the sleeve, so that excessive deformation of the paper strip in the lateral direction is not caused. The flattening roller eliminates wrinkles by applying an axial flattening force to the paper strip, but the flattening force is derived from the surface deformation of the rubber sleeve, and the degree of deformation is passed through the shaft of the rubber sleeve. The controllable adjustment of the ring is obtained. By continuously adjusting the inclination of the collar, the degree of deformation of the deformable sleeve can be adjusted to compensate for the deformation of the tape due to changing the running conditions of the tape.