Technical terminology (on)
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CTP-computer direct plate making
CTP technology is a new technology that directly outputs data files from a computer to a printing plate. It eliminates the traditional processes of punching, imposition, and printing, and has many advantages such as good alignment quality of the printing plate and high quality of the dot. With the advancement of technology, CTP technology is also constantly evolving, from the use of plates divided by visible light, thermal CTP systems and violet laser CTP systems. The exposure mode is divided into an external drum type, an inner drum type, a platform type, and a curved platform type. The use of CTP technology to streamline the prepress workflow and drive the transformation of the entire process.
Digital printing
Digital printing, also known as digital printing, is named according to the characteristics of its process. Throughout the printing process, the content of the page is described by numbers, transmitted in the form of data files, and printed in digital imaging. Digital printing is a computer direct printing technology. Digital printing uses an imageable surface as a graphic carrier. This type of media is different from traditional plates in that it does not have the ability to permanently store information. Each printed sheet needs to be re-imaged once, so digitally printed originals can be variable numbers. information. DI (computer direct imaging) printing, although in the form of digital files throughout the process, still requires the use of printing plates, does not have the function of variable printing information, it is only "direct printing in the machine".
Digital proofing
Digital proofing refers to the new proofing technology that directly processes the color information of the page in the process of publishing and printing, based on the digital publishing and printing system, and directly outputs the color proof according to the production standards and specifications. It uses a large-format printer to directly output proofs in a digital way to replace the traditional film making, printing and other proofing processes. The digital proofing system is generally composed of a color inkjet printer or a color laser printer, and the color proof and the color of the simulated proof are used to obtain a proof sample from the digitized original (electronic file).
ERP definition
ERPERP is often referred to as an enterprise resource plan. In addition to the management functions of production management, finance, and sales of the traditional MRPII system, it adds new management such as quality management, equipment management, transportation management, distribution management, human resource management, and decision support. Features. At present, the ERP system has added a series of new functions such as business process reengineering, supply chain and customer relationship management, and extends the functions of ERP from enterprises to society. At present, ERP has six core ideas:
1. Help companies achieve institutional innovation.
2. "People-oriented" competition mechanism.
3. Think of the organization as a social system.
4. Focus on supply chain management.
5. Customer relationship management is an important support for the front.
6. Realize e-commerce and fully integrate internal and external resources of enterprises.
ERP has significant features such as integration, system, flexibility, and real-time control. The introduction of ERP systems by printing companies can effectively promote the scientific and modern management of enterprises.
High fidelity printing
High-fidelity printing, as its name implies, is a highly realistic printing and copying technology with the original, and is the core of the fourth-generation printing technology. In the traditional four-color printing technology, since paper and ink can not fully reproduce the color gamut of natural color originals, it is impossible to completely restore the true color of nature, so with the development of technology, high-fidelity printing technology came into being. In general, there are two types of work that can achieve high fidelity printing.
1. In order to improve the saturation of certain colors on the printed matter, pure, bright red, green and blue purple are added on the basis of the four colors C, M, Y and K. Making traditional 4-color printing jump to 6 colors, 7 colors, and more, this gives the printed image a more natural contrast and a more fresh color, which is a way to achieve high fidelity printing.
2. Another way to achieve high fidelity printing is to use FM screening technology, which uses finer dots to improve the clarity and softness of the print. Traditional dot printing can only reach 150~175 lines/inch, while FM screening can achieve 300 lines/inch or more. The image will appear very delicate and realistic, close to people's memory color. Can achieve high quality printing.
Synthetic paper
Synthetic paper, also known as polymer paper or plastic paper, is made of polyethylene and polypropylene as the main raw materials. It is extruded into a film and then paper-like, giving its natural paper characteristics such as whiteness and printing adaptability. Wait, and get the material.
Synthetic paper has high strength and folding resistance. Humidity resistance; good smoothness, high whiteness and good printing performance; good water resistance, no damage after immersion, therefore, the use of synthetic paper is very extensive. In terms of printing and publishing, synthetic paper can print water-resistant newspapers, book boxes, maps, calendars, and cards. In commercial packaging, it can be used to make gift bags, suit bags, shopping bags, packaging containers, and also for outer packaging of food, medicine, and cosmetics. In terms of construction, it can be used as a color overlay paper.
Synthetic paper is also known as environmentally friendly synthetic paper for three reasons. First, it is made of petroleum by-product polypropylene and natural stone powder. It does not need a trace of wood pulp and does not damage a green plant. Second, polypropylene synthetic paper can be recycled many times to reproduce the same quality base paper. Even if it is treated as garbage, it can be completely burned, does not produce toxic gases, meets the environmental protection requirements without secondary pollution; third, it does not cause industrial pollution in production. At present, in the international market, polypropylene synthetic paper packaging materials have replaced more than 70% of ordinary paper products.
Nuclear double card anti-counterfeiting technology
The nuclear dual-card anti-counterfeiting technology belongs to the micro-double-card anti-counterfeiting technology. Due to its high uniqueness, the identification of true and false nuclear standards can reach “double hundred”, that is, the true standard is 100% passed, and the false standard is 100% intercepted, so the national standard is “ The anti-counterfeiting technology language is recognized as the most advanced anti-counterfeiting technology.
The technical basis is that when tens of millions of nuclei are used to travel in the accelerator, the nuclear track (0.01 μm) formed by random distribution is given to the carrier material, and the identification and inspection cards are respectively formed, and the double card is matched by the double card identification device. Identify the authenticity to increase the security of documents, bills, trademarks and other products. The nuclear double-card encryption anti-counterfeiting process has great flexibility and can be implemented directly on paper or plastic film, or on printed products and laser holographic films, without affecting the original functions.
The outstanding feature of this technology is that it has uniqueness and form concealment. It can directly put the anti-counterfeiting elements into the general substrate according to the needs, and make different levels of anti-counterfeiting labels. The cost is low, such as applying the technology to the existing laser. On the anti-counterfeiting mark, the cost per item is increased by 20%. The technology is directly incorporated into paper, plastic film and other substrates, and the cost per square centimeter is 2 cents, and does not affect the normal printing process.
DNA anti-counterfeiting technology
The DNA anti-counterfeiting technology utilizes the sequence specificity and complexity of the DNA of the molecular organism to specifically strengthen the DNA, so that the DNA can be uniformly mixed with the special medium, and can be preserved under normal conditions for a long time. Achieve a wide range of applications.
DNA series anti-counterfeiting technology products can be divided into three categories according to product characteristics: DNA anti-counterfeiting ink, DNA anti-counterfeiting label, and DNA anti-counterfeiting chip. DNA anti-counterfeiting inks also include DNA recessive anti-counterfeiting inks, DNA edible anti-counterfeiting inks and DNA dominant anti-counterfeiting inks.
DNA anti-counterfeiting technology is mainly used in the manufacture of labels for various products in the field of anti-counterfeiting inks. Its anti-counterfeiting features are:
1) It can be used for professional anti-counterfeiting (hidden anti-counterfeiting ink), as the ultimate defense line for anti-counterfeiting, and also for public anti-counterfeiting (dominant anti-counterfeiting ink) for immediate identification.
2) DNA anti-counterfeiting ink contains a unique DNA sequence, which has the characteristics of technical monopoly and single source of raw materials. DNA anti-counterfeiting ink technology has been applied for patent protection, and the control of raw materials is strict and difficult to replicate.
3) For comprehensive anti-counterfeiting. DNA anti-counterfeiting ink can be used together with fluorescent ink for fluorescent printing, and can also directly print anti-counterfeiting patterns, micro-text, and the like.
4) Low cost. In terms of general printing, the hidden DNA anti-counterfeiting ink has low loss, economical consumption, and reduced unit cost.
5) The shelf life can be more than 50 years.
Optical interference color changing ink
Optical interference color changing ink (referred to as optical variable ink, also known as optical color changing ink) is a new type of ink with dynamic color changing effect that was introduced in the 1990s. The graphics printed with it can be seen from different angles to change different colors. Especially when observed at about 0 degrees and when observed at about 60 degrees, two distinct colors appear, which are derived from light interference pigments in the ink.
The dynamic color-changing effect of the printing products of optical interference color-changing ink cannot be reproduced by high-definition scanners, color copiers and other equipments, and the design and production technology is very professional; the production process is complicated, the investment is huge, and it is difficult to imitate. Therefore, it is used by more than 70 countries in the world for currency security. Since the use of the ink in the 99 version of the 100 yuan, the anti-counterfeiting mark has not been copied on the counterfeit currency, and has become an important marker for distinguishing the serious RMB. In addition, it can also be widely used in the security of various types of securities, famous trademarks, documentary notes, product packaging and other printed materials.
At present, only the United States can produce optical interference pigments, and there are only a handful of companies that use American pigments to produce optically variable inks.
Electronic paper
Electronic paper is one of the super-display technologies. Just as its aesthetic point of view is called electronic "paper," it looks similar to ordinary paper.
The electronic paper is coated with an electronic ink consisting of numerous tiny transparent particles, the diameter of which is only half the size of a human hair. The small particles contain black dyes and some tiny white particles. The dye makes the transparent particles that surround it black, and the tiny white particles can sense the charge and move in different directions. When they are concentrated in one direction, they can turn a certain side of the originally black particles into white. According to this principle, when this kind of electronic ink is applied to paper, cloth or other flat objects, people can make hundreds of millions of particles change color according to the electric shock. The change of the patterns and texts that appear is the magical effect of electronic ink. Of course, the color of the electronic ink is not limited to black and white. By adjusting the color of the dye and the microparticles in the particle, the electronic ink can display colorful colors and patterns. Once the electronic paper is written, the content can remain unchanged even after the power is turned off, so that ultra-low power consumption can be achieved, and the power consumption is less than 1/10 of that of the reflective liquid crystal.
CIP3/CIP4
CIP3, the full name of "Interna tional Cooperation for Integration of Prepress, Press and Postpress" referred to as CIP3, its composition concept originated in December 1993. The first draft of the file format was completed in September 1994, and the prototype finalization for testing in December made the plan more likely to be realized. So 15 prepress, printing, including Adobe, Agfa, Fuji, Kodak, MAN Roland, Heidelberg, Polar, etc. The post-press processing supplier officially formed the alliance in February 1995. Smart to promote vertical integration of prepress, printing and postpress processing. By October 1999, 39 suppliers including computer, operating system, software, prepress, printing and finishing equipment manufacturers were covered. . This is another large-scale international printing research and development organization following the ICC International Color Alliance. The format developed by the alliance has been developed by alliance-related manufacturers since June 1997, and it can be seen in the Drupa 2000 printing exhibition that almost all printing-related hardware and software vendors have already supported the CIP3 specification.
CIP4, full name "International Cooperation for Integration Of Processes in Prepress, Press and Postpress", was formally merged on July 14, 2000 by the CIP3 Alliance and the JDF Alliance. In principle, the content and architecture of the CIP3 Alliance remain unchanged. The full name of the CIP3 Alliance is added to the PC "Process Process" in addition to the original three Ps.
Water transfer
Water transfer technology is an emerging technology that combines printing and painting. It uses the relative action of water to transfer the surface of the product. The water transfer printing technology can be used for printing on flat and solid curved surfaces, and the added value of the product is greatly improved on the basis of changing the texture of the material. At present, this technology is increasingly favored by manufacturers and consumers in the processing industry.
The water transfer printing technology can transform the flat pattern into a three-dimensional pattern, and the pattern is rich in color, clear in level and good in simulation effect, and is suitable for decorating products with complicated surface shapes, and has significant social and economic benefits.
The suitable materials for water transfer printing technology are mainly plastic, such as ABS, PP, PET, PVC and PA. The imitation wood grain on the surface of the material, the imitation marble decoration, the imitation natural wood grain decoration on the artificial wood surface, the color steel plate decoration, etc. Applications in the automotive industry, home appliance industry, communications or electronic equipment industry, architectural decoration, style and crafts, computer industry, household items.
At present, domestic equipment and consumables related to water transfer printing are: water transfer printing machine, water transfer film, water transfer paper, water transfer decorative materials and so on. Some printers are looking for water transfer printing opportunities to produce water transfer labels or other related products.
Electronic virtual axis
With the continuous development of the printing industry, the mechanical driving method of the printing unit of the printing press is being replaced by the “electronic virtual axis” method, which uses multiple electronically controlled driving motors to respectively power each printing unit, and replaces one with multiple independent motors. The main motor simultaneously drives each printing unit, paper picking device, folding device or cutting device. At this time, the electronic virtual axis transmits electronic power instead of mechanical power. The "electronic virtual axis" technology is also known as the independent motor drive technology.
The use of "electronic virtual axis" to drive the printing system has many advantages: easy to carry out comprehensive inspection of the printing unit, speed up the manufacturing process, faster adjustment of the unit, easy control and adjustment of the AC motor, stable belt tension and reliable printing production It solves the problem of accumulation of mechanical vibration, easy diagnosis in different places, reduced maintenance and service costs, energy conservation, and “cleaning” of energy.
At Drupa 2000, almost all web-based rotary printing machinery manufacturers have begun to adopt the "electronic virtual axis" technology, making this technology truly popular and will be used in major newspapers and commercial printers.
Positioning bronzing
Positioning hot stamping technology is a new technology used in the field of packaging for cigarette packets or other high-end packaging products. It mainly uses hot stamping materials with regular arrangement patterns, and the entire image is stamped to the printed matter according to the hot stamping process arrangement. The only fixed location.
The positioning hot stamping technology mainly applies tobacco, cosmetics and other fields, and can meet the requirements of product decoration and anti-counterfeiting. In the past two years, various high-grade tobacco factories have adopted this technology on high-grade cigarette packages to improve the grade of cigarette packs, such as the cigarette hibiscus king. The best brands of cigarettes, such as Yunyan, Lanzhou, Fuzi, and good cats, have the advantages of high product quality and strong anti-counterfeiting performance after using the positioning hot stamping technology.
The positioning hot stamping equipment used in China is mainly imported circular round and flat stamping hot stamping machine with high automation level. One of them is the German Stowe round pressing hot stamping machine, which has high-precision anti-counterfeiting hot stamping function; It is a bronzing machine produced by Bobst, Switzerland. The high-precision electronic registration system ensures accurate positioning and holographic hot stamping on banknotes and security packaging.
At present, there are many printing manufacturers using positioning hot stamping technology, but they have not been widely popularized, mainly because the imported equipment is expensive, and the general packaging manufacturer has limited investment capacity and cannot bear it; the domestic product price is 1/5 of the foreign product. About 1/4, but in terms of hot stamping accuracy, speed and operational stability can not be compared with imported equipment. In addition, the high price of the hot stamping plate, the long plate making cycle, and the technical difficulty are also one of the factors that are not widely used in the positioning hot stamping technology.
nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is a new technology that scientists began to develop in the late 1980s. It is another hot spot after the Internet and genetic engineering have caused humans to pay attention to them.
Nanotechnology is widely used in industry, agriculture, electronics, chemicals, textiles, communications, environmental protection, people's lives, and medicine. Using nanotechnology, we can produce new products with high performance, high integration, low loss and low resource consumption. Some people imply that if we regard network technology as a blood vessel in the new economy, nanotechnology is the blood of the new economy.
With the continuous research and development of nanotechnology in the world, nanotechnology has further matured and is gradually being applied in the printing field. So far, nanotechnology has emerged in the fields of inks, printing machinery and packaging materials, and its entry point is "high performance, high efficiency, low cost and industrialization" of nanomaterials. In addition, the magnetic, chemical, and invisibility of nanotechnology can be applied to the field of packaging and printing and develop corresponding products.