Talking about the making of children's books
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When I was a mother, I often visited the children's book area of some bookstores. When I read the content, I also lamented the overall artistic beauty. Some books can even be displayed as arts and crafts. Compared with the simplicity and simplicity of adult books, children's books are more about colorful and endless innocent children.
There are a wide variety of children's books, including children's enlightenment books, children's popular science books, children's literature books and children's cartoon books. From the perspective of production technology and raw material use, children's books cover various printing techniques and raw materials, such as embossing, partial UV glazing, glitter, glass beads, luminous ink, scented ink, wrinkle ink, conductive ink, and matte effect. Etc., their use from content to form gives the child a vivid effect, achieving a perfect combination of fun, practicality and reading.
1. Packaging design is practical and entertaining
From the time of infancy, children's perception, cognitive activities and thinking, emotions, will and behaviors have all formed and developed. Books serve as the most widely existential carrier of communication, and play a supporting, educating, and guiding role in the early stages of human growth. It is necessary to respect children's rights and interests, support children to explore their potential, guide children to grow up healthily, and let every child have the best life start, and have a happy and infinite living space. In addition to keeping the book itself in the design concept In addition to reading traits, more attention should be paid to its entertainment and fun. Secondly, in the design method, the design of the children's book emphasizes the individuality while paying attention to the practicality, and guides reading and learning by installing different gadgets that are easy to attract children's attention. For example, various audio books, electric guide books, stereo books, puzzle books, and the like. Love is the child's nature, and curiosity is the child's endowment. Books should attract children to read. Try to be as boring, full of fun and surprise.
2. A wide variety of substrates
The printing materials for children's books are still mainly paper. In addition, printing materials such as fabrics, plastics, woods and chemical fibers are also widely used. Paper-based printing materials are mainly offset paper, coated paper, and light paper, because this type of paper has high smoothness, good whiteness, strong water resistance, uniform absorption of ink, and ability to reproduce and reproduce images. Strong and other advantages. Most children's books are printed with beautiful pictures, which not only can attract children to read, but also help children understand the interesting taste of the story. In addition to reading, the baby cloth book printed with fabric materials can also be used as a baby's toy to satisfy the nature of the baby's love of biting books. This book is also known as a book that can't be broken or torn (Figure 1). . Most of the plastics are used in a single photo collection.
3. Various printing processes vary
At present, most of the children's books commonly used in China are printed by offset printing, such as ordinary story books and picture books. Because the lithographic offset printing process is mature and the printing quality is exquisite, the perfect restoration of image color can be achieved, and the printing cost in large quantities is low. The printing quality of flexographic printing is now close to the level of offset printing, and the application of books is more common in the United States. Since flexographic printing uses water-based inks, it is known as an environmentally friendly printing method and will replace some offset printing in the future. Screen printing is also widely used in the printing of children's books, such as cloth books. In addition to conventional printing methods, the combination of special printing processes and raw materials is also a highlight of children's books.
Some cloths use a sublimation printing process. The dyes used in printing are completely extracted from plant flowers, pigments extracted from the stems, leaves and roots of colored plants. They are specially formulated to print the dyes to the special ones. On the wood pulp paper, the dye is vaporized by a special machine at a high temperature of 200 °C, and transferred to the fibers of the printed fabric. After printing, the dye and the fabric are completely combined, and the dye content of the printed matter is extremely low, but The printing effect is excellent, and there is no fading or discoloration.
In order to exercise the baby's sense of smell, some books such as flowers and fruits are used in the printing of perfume inks, and the scent printing is realized by two processes of screen and offset printing. The whole printing process is: The color and graphics on the screen must be associated with the scent. When the base image is printed with offset, the screen printing and the fragrance ink are used to print the scent of flowers or food, usually It is divided into two steps to print. Screen printing is used to avoid damage to the capsules in the fragrance ink. At the same time, because the thickness of the screen printing ink film is about 20 times higher than that of the offset printing, this facilitates the long-term retention of the fragrance, but has recently been developed. Special ink for offset printing. For example, a general offset press, a five-color machine or a six-color machine, can be used to print C M Y K and other colors at a time with the base image and the portion with the scented ink. At this time, special attention should be paid to not damaging the capsules in the fragrance ink.
There is a book in the children's book that reads and writes, such as the step by step high point reading pen, which uses TMA (T otal M edia A lliance full media printing) technology, which was developed by Yanjingxing Co., Ltd. and the Dutch Ingrid Fund. A new type of printing and publishing. The principle is that when the "sound pen" equipped with the photoelectric scanning head and the code conversion chip and the FLASH memory card touches the printed matter printed on the two-dimensional code grid, the "sound pen" will make a sound, and read the printed matter. related information. When the publication is combined with the web, as long as the produced audio is uploaded to the website, the user who has the "sounding pen" can download the desired content directly from the Internet. This method combines sound, paper print and network media to make the printed publications have a true visual and audio combination.
4. Postpressing is complicated and ingenious
The three-dimensional book originated in Europe and America is a combination of mechanics, structure, aesthetics and other knowledge. It uses the tension of the reader to open the book for a moment, and transforms into various stereo dynamics through the interaction between paper parts of different shapes and structures. Effects such as popping, rotating, rising, opening, etc. In addition to printing, the main process is die-cutting and manual bonding. There are hundreds of die-cut parts for a more complicated three-dimensional book, which requires a lot of manual labor throughout the production process. For example, the F A N F O L D stereo book style used for paper-carved stereo postcards is characterized by the fact that the pages are turned upside down, which is different from the normal left and right. When reading, the page must be turned into a vertical shape to fully present the three-dimensional effect. FANFOLD's practice is to cut the picture pre-printed on the cardboard, cut the part that wants to appear stereoscopically along the die-cutting, and then fold through the fold and the concave fold to produce a stepped three-dimensional layer (as shown in the figure). two)
Figure 2 F A N F O L D
Figure 3 is a magic box book that introduces children to the numbers. After the cute little square is opened, it turns out a lot of pages like magic. A long string, 1 meter long, brings great surprises to the children! After reading it, it can easily change back to the box, and the storage is very convenient. The three-dimensional picture makes each page look like a one-act play, and it is fascinating!
Figure 3 Children's Magic Box Book
The production of children's books is also rich and varied in terms of the format. There are big and small, small but slap in the face, and sometimes even more than half of the newspapers. Because of the difference in length and width, there is also the difference between the horizontal and vertical versions. The world's earliest small-opening picture book is the story of Beatrix Potter's "The Story of the Rabbit". She especially likes the small-blown picture book. She says 1 4 . 5 cm × 1 1 cm. The size is designed to fit the child's hand, as it allows the child to read it on their own. Robert McKrotsky, who has won two Cadillac gold awards, has a special liking for a large-scale picture book. His "Let's Give the Duckling" and other sizes are 3 1 cm × 2 4 cm. about. The huge picture gives a strong visual impact. It is not only a grand scene, but also brings us an immersive sense of presence. Look at the bird's-eye view of the wild ducks flying over Boston. Not only can you see the people walking below, the statues, the cars that are constantly flowing, and even the traffic police who are waving the flag. The viewer is like flying with the wild duck couple, and the ears are hunting...
Binding is also a highlight of children's books. Most of the children's books are thicker when they are glued, and when they are thin, they use saddle stitches. Of course, many books will also show their individuality in this respect. I bought the "Three Tang Poems" for the children two days ago. It uses a spiral binding, which is convenient for page-by-page reading, and it does not get in the way even if the coil is accidentally removed. And I found that the child's fingers can reach into the coil, and it is very interesting to carry the book like a bag.
5. Higher environmental requirements
Because young children like to bite items, publishers and printers use environmentally friendly materials to print children's books. Environmental printing has also become a major trend in the development of the entire printing industry. At present, some printing companies in China have passed the I S O 1 4 0 0 1 International Environmental Management System Certification. At the heart of the system is “clean production”, which requires low-toxic or non-toxic, low-pollution or non-polluting materials in the printing process, as well as a clean and comfortable production environment.
In terms of paper, light paper has become a new choice for children's book printing paper because of its light weight and low price. Coated paper is coated with chemical paint on plain paper, but light paper is basically pressed with wood pulp, so it is more environmentally friendly. Although the color printed on light paper may be darker than that printed on coated paper, it is comfortable to handle and light in weight, making it suitable for children to read. In addition, the price of light paper is lower than that of coated paper and double-adhesive paper, so the price of the book will be correspondingly cheaper.
In terms of inks, traditional mineral inks produce VOC volatiles when they are printed. VOC is a volatile organic compound contained in petroleum and contains aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons. It is one of the most potent carcinogens, ink manufacturing, printing, During the drying process or in the cleaning of equipment and waste ink, a large amount of organic components volatilize, which not only seriously endangers the health of the production operators, but also causes great damage to the environment. At present, the volatilization of VOC in printing ink has become an important source of environmental pollution. one. Books printed with chemical crude oil such as traditional mineral oil have strong odor and are not environmentally friendly and easy to discolor. Therefore, many books are currently printed with soy ink, because soy ink is a new type of green and environmentally friendly ink. It is made from 100% natural plant soybean oil, completely taken from natural, non-irritating odor and rubbed. Not black hand, safe and non-toxic, rich in color, environmentally friendly and renewable. The most important point is that even if a baby bites a book and eats a book with his mouth, it will have no effect on the body.
In general, children's books are illustrated and produced with unique ingenuity. They spread knowledge to a wide range of children and adolescents and enrich their childhood. However, some children's books, especially hardcover books, are complicated in process, complicated in process, high in cost and expensive in price, which is unbearable for the majority of parents. We hope to read more and more healthy, affordable and authentic books with our children.