Talking about anti-counterfeiting printing technology
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Anti-counterfeiting printing technology is a cross-edge discipline involving optical, chemical, physics, electromagnetics, computer technology, spectroscopy, printing technology, digital printing technology, packaging technology and many other fields. In the past, the application of my defense technology was limited to the government, social public security and other departments to produce passports, documents, currency and securities. Now, with the rapid development of the market economy and commodity production, the printing of trademarks and logos and the packaging of goods are becoming more and more high-grade, exquisite and safe (requires anti-counterfeiting function). Common anti-counterfeiting technology paper anti-counterfeiting, ink anti-counterfeiting, printing technology anti-counterfeiting laser holographic image anti-counterfeiting technology and so on. The following describes the anti-counterfeiting printing technology.
First, paper
Anti-counterfeiting paper is the material basis for printing various securities. Some special papers made by special techniques basically have anti-counterfeiting characteristics. The anti-counterfeiting technologies used in special paper mainly include:
1. Carbon-free paper is divided into upper, middle and lower papers, and fine capsules are coated on the front or back, and color is printed by handwriting or computer printing. Generally used for printing a variety of tickets.
2. Watermark paper, watermark paper In the manufacturing process, technical means can be used to put the required logos, patterns, etc. into the paper. These patterns are not easy to see under normal circumstances, and can only be seen clearly against strong light. The larger denominations of the renminbi are mostly printed on watermarked paper. Watermarks such as [Tiananmen] and [Mao Zedong] are produced in China's large denominations of renminbi paper. In addition to being used in currency paper, watermarks have also been widely used in other ticket papers. The position of the watermark in the paper is fixed, not fixed and semi-fixed.
3. Thermal paper, the surface of the paper is coated with special microcapsules reflected by heat. The thermal print head prints in color, and is waterproof and non-waterproof.
4. Fiber paper, mixed in the paper pulping process or multi-color fiber, the finished paper can be discerned by the naked eye. It can be seen that the monofilament or multicolor connected fine fibers are "embedded" in the paper. There are also applications in some RMB.
5. Safety line, safety line refers to placing a gold wire or plastic wire in the middle of the paper during the papermaking process. The safety line was first used in special gold wire. Now it is using plastic wire and has been developed into various kinds, such as miniature letter security wire, fluorescent safety wire and so on. The shape of the safety line has a straight line, a wave shape, a zigzag shape, etc., and a straight line safety line has been adopted in currency paper in China.
Second, anti-counterfeiting ink
The so-called anti-counterfeiting ink, that is, a special printing ink which is processed by a special process by adding a special performance anti-counterfeit material to the ink binder. It is mainly printed on the ticket, product trademark and packaging by ink printing. This type of anti-counterfeiting technology is characterized by simple implementation, low cost, good concealment, bright colors, convenient inspection and strong reproducibility. It is the preferred anti-counterfeiting technology for banknotes, tickets and trademarks in various countries.
1. Ultraviolet fluorescent ink, which emits visible light (400~800nm) special ink under ultraviolet light (200~400nm). According to the wavelength of the excitation light, it can be divided into short-wave ultraviolet excitation fluorescent anti-counterfeiting printing ink (excitation wavelength 254nm) and long-wave ultraviolet laser fluorescent anti-counterfeiting printing ink (excitation wavelength is 365nm). According to the color of the ink, it can be divided into two types: colored fluorescent ink and colorless fluorescent ink.
2. Photo-excited color-changing anti-counterfeiting ink, which emits visible light (400~800nm) anti-counterfeiting printing ink under sunlight. This ink is discolored on the surface due to the action of the sun, and is substantially discolored by ultraviolet radiation.
3. Thermal anti-counterfeiting ink (also known as thermochromic anti-counterfeiting ink), an ink that can change color under the action of heating. According to the different temperature required for discoloration, it can be divided into hand-type color-changing anti-counterfeiting ink and high-temperature discoloration anti-counterfeiting ink.
4. Magnetic ink, printing with magnetic ink is an important anti-counterfeiting technology. Magnetic ink refers to the addition of strong magnetic powder to the printing ink. This magnetic powder is not only the color of the ink but also easily arranged in the magnetic field, retaining the high residual magnetic property, so that the printed matter can see the characters and patterns with the naked eye. The magnetic recording information can also be read by a special instrument. Commodity packaging anti-counterfeiting such as cigarettes, wine, pharmaceutical packaging can be printed with magnetic inkjet ink on the batch number production date, the manufacturer, and record special signals, and then can be identified by the magnetic signal identification device can save the code security; coins, The anti-counterfeiting of tickets, such as the magnetic anti-counterfeiting mark used in RMB, cheques, etc. Magnetic inkjet ink makes magnetic security printing one of the most promising effective anti-counterfeiting methods. Magnetic fluids will gain greater development and broader prospects.
Third, the printing process
Engraving and plate making is an early anti-counterfeiting printing technology that is still very effective. Because of the individual's knives, styles and uniqueness, the hand-engraving platemaking makes the depth, curvature and angle of the engraving lines difficult for others to imitate absolutely realistic. It is difficult for the same person to engrave two identical versions. With the application of high-performance computers and various special electronic drawing and publishing software, complex, delicate, delicate, high-resolution patterns made by computers have emerged. This type of pattern is difficult to copy by hand, photo, or scan, such as very complicated group flowers, arbitrary geometric figures, single-line, composite or twisted lace, or made of intaglio, flat line relief, curved relief, multi-color relief Wait. The group flower can also be embedded in the text, and the shading pattern can also be moved to the gradient. In short, you can create an unprecedented image that is difficult to copy, without any personal imagination.
Gravure printing: The graphic of the intaglio is lower than the layout of the printing plate, and the concave pattern has the depth and the depth, so as to express the height of the graphic and the thickness of the ink, the printed pattern can be a three-dimensional image, and the three-dimensional image Strong, touched by hand has a bumpy feel. The front row names, denominations and Brailles of China’s RMB 50 and RMB 100 are all gravure. The fifth set of RMB 10 yuan banknotes, Mao Zedong’s head, the “People’s Bank of China” line name, denomination number, Braille denomination mark and the back main landscape “Yangtze River Three Gorges” pattern are all engraved and gravure printed. .
Fourth, laser holographic image anti-counterfeiting technology
Laser holographic image anti-counterfeiting is also called rainbow hologram anti-counterfeiting. It rose in the early 1980s and has formed an emerging industry abroad. Laser holographic molding technology is a kind of holographic grating technology in optics. It is a holographic technology that uses the principle of laser holography to reproduce monochrome or color images with white light, and the entire process of image or image-level printing equipment and materials is quickly copied. The product is different from the general photo person. It can not only reproduce the main image of the original object, but also display the shape of different sides of the original with different line of sight. From the similarities and differences between the reconstructed image and the original color, rainbow holography can be divided into false color rainbow holography and true color rainbow holography. The basic feature of color rainbow holography is to add a slit at a suitable position in the recording position system, which functions to limit the reproduction of light waves to reduce the color blur of the image, thereby realizing the reproduction of a single color or a color image of white light.
Five, bar code anti-counterfeiting technology
Commodity barcode is a kind of code of goods, which is designed by human beings for effective management of products such as computers. If we can reasonably use commodity technology, including rational selection of barcode carriers, reasonable selection of printing methods and printing machines, reasonable selection of printing locations, etc., then it is possible to make commodity barcode technology anti-counterfeiting.
At present, it is generally believed that there are only two types of bar codes with anti-counterfeiting functions, one is invisible bar code (covering implicit bar code, photochemically processed invisible bar code, invisible bar printing invisible bar code), and the other is metal bar code.
Sixth, microfilm
Microfilm: This form of anti-counterfeiting principle is to reduce the Chinese character height to less than 0.22mm, and the English word height is reduced to less than 0.2mm. Microfilming is one of the easiest methods to use in a pattern design system and needs to be combined with other functions. The feature of microfilming is to replace lines with words. A thin line, when you look closely, finds that it is made up of words. Combined with other features of the pattern, many changes can be made to the text line. For example, a micro-text intertwined in Chinese and English is arranged in an arc form, breaking through the single expression of the text tablet, which is both rich and anti-counterfeiting. This anti-counterfeiting method can be applied to documents and cards. Can be used to make micro-text shading, but also can be used to make micro-text lace. Another example is to make a set of characters into a smooth curve, cleverly intertwined and entangled to form a group flower shape, exquisite and unique, and varied and varied. Microfilming prints extremely tiny text that can only be seen under a magnifying glass, which appears to the naked eye as a solid or dashed line. Of course, microtext can also be printed on lines or points that make up the graph. Microprinting can be used for both general ticketing and security on banknote or passport paper for integrated security. The fifth set of RMB 50 yuan banknotes adopts a magnetic micro-text security line, a security line in the banknote paper, and a light-through perspective. The micro-text “RMB50” can be seen, and the instrument is magnetic.
Seven, summary
In addition to the above anti-counterfeiting printing methods, there are anti-counterfeit stickers, special anti-counterfeiting printing, encryption technology, laser holographic transfer paper technology, positioning hot stamping, telephone code anti-counterfeiting, nuclear dual-card anti-counterfeiting (nuclear track), etc. Repeat them one by one. In short, modern anti-counterfeiting technology has been developed into a comprehensive anti-counterfeiting stage, and a single anti-counterfeiting function can no longer be adapted to the development of the times and market changes. Users need anti-counterfeiting products to develop higher technology, more anti-counterfeiting performance, and more personalized. Therefore, the anti-counterfeiting design is to consider the anti-counterfeiting characteristics of the product in the specific application. The user uses the lines, patterns, laces, and text changes to carry out anti-counterfeiting design in the actual application, so that the product is more refined and safe.