Research on Teaching Reform of Printing Equipment Course
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At present, the printing equipment course is a core course in the entire printing technology professional course system. The follow-up course is the offset printing machine operation course, and the operation type course trains students' ability to operate the printing equipment skillfully. Then, the printing equipment course is for it and is the foundation of it. Therefore, the printing equipment course should train students to master the principle and structure of the printing machine based on the comprehensive application of mechanical knowledge, and have the ability to basically adjust the printing machine and analyze common faults.
According to the above analysis, the teaching content of the printing equipment course is mainly the principle and structure of the equipment, and the principle and structure are precisely the most difficult part of the students. The purpose of this paper is to adopt the situational teaching method, that is, to pass the teaching content through the teaching carrier and let the students Master the teaching content in the training.
First, the content of the teaching situation
1. Situational decomposition
This course uses the basic adjustment of a typical printing machine (offset printing machine) as the carrier. According to the curriculum ability requirements and the characteristics of the offset printing machine, nine scenarios are designed. Each situation is composed of projects and knowledge points. The project serves as a teaching carrier to cultivate students' skills and knowledge. Point learning melts in skill training. The situation is exploded as shown in Figure 1.
2. Situation project decomposition
One of the key technologies of the offset press is the mechanism adjustment. Only the machine that has been adjusted can print the qualified products. In addition to the first-class operation level, a good captain should have a first-class machine adjustment level. The skill goal of this course is Cultivate state-of-the-art machine adjustment levels, each of which contains several adjustment skills, each of which is a self-contained project that is broken down into 18 projects. The project breakdown is shown in Figure 2.
3. Situational knowledge point decomposition
The "Printing Equipment" course consists of 9 situations. Each situation is a teaching unit. When performing skill training in the project, you need to learn the corresponding independent theoretical knowledge system, use theoretical knowledge to support and sublimate skills, and let the theory be in skill training. Subject to inspection and development, these need to accurately grasp the theoretical knowledge points and systemic nature of each situation. According to this requirement, the knowledge points of each situation are broken down as shown in Figure 3.
Second, the project teaching drive method
Each situation consists of one or more projects, as shown in Figure 4 for a scenario design. The teacher distributes the project training list before class, the teacher interprets the training task, and allows the students to write the task implementation plan and the training steps according to the training task. In the process of writing, the students are asked to find relevant knowledge points on the project report. Implementation plan, correct the student's plan and add relevant knowledge points, and then the students will follow the program training, the teacher will score the project according to the student's adjustment results.
Third, classroom control
Due to the use of situational teaching, the location of the class was changed to the workshop, the space for people was large, and the students did not have a fixed seat. This raised a new topic for the management of the classroom. The classroom was managed in the manner of executing the project report form. “Tasks, knowledge points, writing plans, adjusting effect scores”, etc. Teachers and students work in accordance with the content of the report process to achieve effective control of the classroom.
Fourth, teaching organization
1. Self-learning teaching
For the situation where students are easy to learn, adopt the self-learning method of “first training, then demonstration”. Take the situational inking and wetting device as an example, as shown in Figure 5.
① Layout tasks. A class is generally 35 people, a group of 5 is a total of 7 groups, each group selects a team leader; each person sends a situation report form, and arranges and interprets the project tasks and knowledge point requirements on the situation report form.
② group discussion. Students search for relevant knowledge points in the relevant books according to the requirements of the report, and write them on the situation report form. In groups, the team leader organizes the team to discuss the order and steps of the ink roller disassembly and assembly, and discuss the pressure adjustment between the rollers. Methods and steps.
③ group leaders report. The team leader reported “the order of the ink roller disassembly and assembly, the pressure adjustment method and the steps between the rollers”, and the teacher corrected and supplemented the relevant knowledge points for each group of problems.
④ Re-discussion. The team leader returned to the group with the teacher's corrected report form, and re-written the "ink roller assembly and assembly sequence, pressure adjustment method and steps between the rollers".
⑤ group training. Each group is trained in the order and steps they have written.
⑥ reviews. The teacher scored on the situation report form of each group on the spot according to the effect of each group training. The teacher also demonstrates the training steps and action essentials. The students carefully observe each action of the teacher and summarize it with their own actions.
2. Teacher-led teaching
For the situation where students can't start, take the self-learning method of “first demonstration, post-training”, as shown in Figure 6. Compared with the self-learning teaching organization, the former is “first training and demonstration”, and the latter is “first demonstration and post training”. The reason is that if the teacher does not demonstrate first, it takes a long time to rely on the students to find and explore. It is impossible to complete within a limited number of hours. The situational assessment score is basically the same as the self-learning teaching organization.
V. Total score of the course
The scores are assessed by a combination of formative assessment and final written assessment.
1 Formative assessment. The project score is 18 projects with an average score of 60%. Each project has a perfect score of 100, of which 10% is attendance (including late arrival, early leave, absenteeism, hard work, etc.); project training steps account for 20%, training process and effect account for 30%; knowledge point search accounts for 30%; professional quality ( Mainly refers to compliance with safe operating procedures, equipment maintenance and maintenance, work records, handover registration, etc.) accounted for 10%.
2 final written test. Final written test score × 40%. The final written test is a systematic examination of the key points and difficulties of the course. It also constitutes a kind of pressure and motivation for the usual situational learning, which can drive the students to summarize after class.
Sixth, teaching characteristics
1 Establish a corporate classroom. In the teaching process, for some projects that must be completed in the printing machine manufacturing enterprise, the establishment of the enterprise classroom, taking students to the machine manufacturing enterprise to implement.
2 middle school entrance examination, test middle school. The knowledge points in the situation report are searched by the students, the implementation plan of the project tasks is prepared by the students, the teacher scores on the spot according to the student training effect, and finally the teacher gives the students a demonstration.
3 The project is taught, and the project is arranged according to the printing machine operation process. The project is arranged in accordance with the printing machine operation process.
Seventh, Conclusion
The article combines many years of teaching experience, summed up the ideas and measures in the teaching reform of the printing equipment course. Under the leadership of the teaching carrier (project), the students can realize the learning mode from perceptual recognition of rational understanding. However, if there are more students, the training time is more difficult to fully guarantee. With the improvement of teaching equipment, situational teaching will receive better results.