Replacing manpower with equipment is the direction of post-press development
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Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party in 1978, the printing industry has developed rapidly. The output value has increased from 4.797 billion in 1979 to 860 billion in 2011. In the 33 years, it has increased by nearly 180 times. Although there are factors of rising prices, the upgrading and upgrading of equipment, the quality of the past is not the same, the output value is skyrocketing, and the continuous expansion of practitioners is heard by everyone.
According to statistics, in the 11 years from 2001 to 2011, China imported German, German and other overseas developed countries, the number of four-color offset sheet offset printing machines reached 10,118 units, with an average of 920 units per year. It can be said that this is the basis for the rapid development of the printing industry.
Along with the technological advancement of printing, the quality of post-press processing equipment and products is also changing, and manual folding is basically eliminated. The world's top post-press equipment manufacturers such as Martini, Bobst, MBO and Bora have seized the mainland market. However, because the profitability of post-press processing is relatively low compared to printing, its development is still slower than printing. Of course, the time to change the status quo seems to have come quietly.
The rise in labor costs determines the arrival of the era of automation
The post-press processing also takes the road of equipment operation as the main reason. The fundamental reason is that the labor cost continues to rise, and the era of low-cost labor population dividends has ended in mainland China.
After the reform and opening up, in the early days of China's urbanization, a large number of rural surplus laborers emerged. They were eager to find work, and at the same time they were hardworking and hardworking. In order to improve family life, they participated in overtime work without any fatigue. Therefore, business owners Gained excess profits from low-cost labor. Today, all this is gone. The second generation of rural work in the city, although not called rich, but after growing up in a different era from their parents, their parents do not want their children to live like that. In addition, the statutory minimum guaranteed wages increase with time; the increase of employee mobility; the increase of self-protection awareness; the reduction of the working-age population; all of this makes the business owners realize that the automation of equipment is improved and the The dependence of employees is an inevitable trend after production has reached a certain stage.
According to professional analysis, the 770 million labor population in the western developed countries created social wealth of 36 trillion US dollars per year, and the per capita income was 46,753 US dollars. The GDP of China's 930 million labor population in 2010 was converted into US$6.04 trillion (397.98 billion yuan), per capita 6495. In the US dollar, the per capita labor force in developed countries creates 7.2 times more social wealth than China. The reasons for this situation, in addition to the producer's professionalism and technical literacy, are also closely related to the low degree of automation of the equipment. Taking the operator configuration of a commercial rotary press as an example, China generally has 7 people and 1 machine, while Japan has 5 people and 2 machines, and 14 laborers are working in 5 labors in developed countries. In the delivery department, we arranged two employees to take the paper. They arranged two robots. We cleaned the blankets manually. They were semi-automatic or even fully automatic. So, the productivity of labor per capita is naturally high and people depend on it. The degree is also greatly reduced.
For a long time, the degree of manualization of post-press production in China has always been higher than that of printing. In the printing orders to undertake overseas, quite a part of it is a manual book for children to read. Now, because of rising labor costs, increasing the automation of equipment, reducing labor costs, and increasing labor productivity have become a matter of course.
Application of postpress equipment in current production
Post-press processing is the necessary process for most printed products after printing. After the post-press processing of special products (such as slitting and tearing after printing), the post-press processing commonly used by books and packaging companies in China is now used. The equipment generally has a paper cutter, a folding machine, a wireless plastic binding machine, a hardcover linkage line, a bicycle binding production line, a die cutting machine, a folder gluer, a bronzing machine, a laminating machine, ..., the difference is whether the production equipment is domestic or imported. The speed and quality of the operation.
Seeking truth from facts, after the reform and opening up, China's private printing machinery manufacturing enterprises have developed rapidly, and because of the difference in manufacturing precision, the manufacturing capacity of China's postpress equipment is far greater than the manufacturing capacity of printing equipment, although it is its own original postpress. There are not many processing equipments, but the imitation and transformation of post-press processing equipment in developed countries is almost everywhere. The quality can generally meet the production requirements, and some can also be used for OEM production. In recent years, the proportion of post-printing equipment in China's export printing machinery is relatively high.
In the face of rising labor costs, in order to pursue production efficiency, of course, in order to deal with the situation of people moving too fast, printing companies have a great pace in the renovation of post-press equipment, because the investment cost of these equipment is not large, after the production of employees The amount of usage can be greatly reduced, and it also helps to ensure product quality. In Shanghai, there is a private printing company named “Aiden”. In order to meet the customer's delivery requirements, the binding business is outdated and the post-press processing can't make any money. In recent years, they have made great efforts on the post-press. With technological transformation, the processing capacity is greatly improved, and the binding business not only no longer needs to be outsourced, but also brings considerable profits to the enterprise. The post-press process after the technical transformation has become the most worry-free part of the enterprise.
In the recent technical upgrade of post-press equipment, the book has replaced the widely used disc-wrapping machine with an oval-shaped wrapping machine with a faster book publishing rate. Of course, there are also hard-wearing shell-making equipment; in the field of packaging and printing, It is the use of die-cutting equipment to replace the original manual stripping. According to Shen Weida Paper Cutting Machinery Co., Ltd., their new automatic vibrating paper cutting system is also well sold in China, because the use of vibrating paper equipment can reduce the labor intensity of workers and increase production efficiency. It is indeed a smart choice to deal with rising labor costs.
In the near future, there are two post-press equipment sales that are worthy of attention:
First, along with the development of online reading, book printing companies have begun to turn to packaging printing. Therefore, sales of basic production equipment such as die-cutting machines and folder-gluers, which are different from post-printing and finishing, have increased in recent years. Of course, this is only a phased phenomenon in the transformation process.
Second, with the sharp drop in the price of monitoring devices, the semi-finished and finished products that were manually completed in the past were automatically detected by the equipment, and the sales of such equipment were also increased, which also ignited the manufacturers of testing equipment. It is certain that with the further decline in the cost of these devices after mass production, the proportion of equipment replacement for manual inspection will be greater. Because the procurement equipment is a one-time investment, the use of equipment to complete product inspection is more assured of quality and higher production efficiency.
Digital printing is still far from forming a climate in China
Although China has no authoritative statistics on the annual output value of digital printing, it can be confirmed that the total annual printing volume completed by digital printing equipment is less than 1% of the total printing volume in China. It can be said that digital printing is in China is still far from forming a climate. It is only the country that has determined the goal of vigorously developing the digital printing and printing digitalization during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, and the momentum of the digital printing boom that this Drupa exhibition has shown is a bit astounding.
Take Shanghai as an example, the statistics released by the Municipal Press and Publication Bureau: in 2010, the city's total printing output value was 58.75 billion, of which the output value by digital printing equipment was 595 million (this figure does not include the installation of the device on the ticket printing machine by mixed printing. The output value of digital printing); the total printing output value of the city in 2011 was 68.95 billion, and the output value of digital printing equipment was 619 million. In a big city like Shanghai, the output value of digital printing is roughly 1% of the total printing. Up and down, it is obviously lower across the country.
Of course, the development of digital printing in the world is also unbalanced. According to the data released by Benny Lanta at this year's drupa printing exhibition, the printing is completed by digital printing in the total annual printing volume of 50 trillion pages. The amount is 1 trillion pages, accounting for 2 percentage points. The proportion in developed countries may be more than 10 percentage points, and the proportion in developing countries may be below 1 percentage point.
The main reason for the unsatisfactory development speed of digital printing in China is that the current production costs appear to be high, so that consumers can stay away from it. At the same time, digital publishing, which is closely related to digital printing, has not yet reached climate in China, and publications completed by digital printing are still rare.
Since digital printing meets the needs of individualization and realizes variable printing, the amount of printing is naturally small and variable. In addition, the digital printing equipment currently used usually has a small printing medium, and the printing speed is slower than that of traditional offset printing. Therefore, the post-press processing equipment for digital printing has certain differences from the post-press equipment used in traditional mass production, and it is generally premised on occupying a small space and meeting basic production needs.
Taking the paper cutter as an example, the large amount of traditional post-press processing is used for booting, but the large number used in digital printing and post-press processing is eight boot, at best, six open and four boot. The same is true for the binding equipment, which is dominated by the most common linear binding machines, even if the circular wrapping machine appears to be too large for digital printing stores.
Digital printing of post-printing is a small but complete set of sparrows, the total amount of binding per day is not large, but the process involved is equally numerous, and because of the emphasis on meeting individual requirements, the requirements for product quality are higher, using The materials are also more than the mass-produced books. Customized wedding and children's birthday albums are the most typical cases, and the production is very beautiful. There is a well-made digital printing factory in Taipei. There is one employee in the whole finishing process. From cutting to finishing, all the processes such as riding, paperback, hardcover, etc., you have to do it yourself. Meeting customer needs and avoiding waste on manpower arrangements can be highly demanding.
It must be pointed out that the equipment that satisfies the production of digital printing and post-printing has its own particularity. For example, Shanghai High- and Intermediate-level People's Courts, such as units with large individualized printing and relatively busy work, are examples of their post-printing. Many equipments are imported. In the packaging and printing enterprises, in recent years, in order to improve the design capabilities, the introduction of finished proofing machines is also increasing, and it is very useful, and there is still no special research in this area in China. Today, with the development prospects of digital printing promising, the development of special post-press processing equipment for digital printing enterprises should be listed as soon as possible on the agenda of printing companies.
The digitization of post-press equipment is still in the follow-up phase
In China, the development of post-press equipment for digital printing is lagging behind the market. In the world, it should be said that post-press equipment is only in the stage of technical follow-up, that is, digital printing has a need, and post-press follow-up to do related research. For example, Hewlett-Packard has introduced a color continuous paper high-speed digital press for inkjet technology. Martigny has followed up with the corresponding package to design and manufacture a binding device that can be randomly changed in specifications.
In 2009, the Hong Kong printing company located in Dalang Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, China, was the first to introduce the color digital printing press with inkjet printing technology on both sides of the T300 continuous paper produced by HP. The company's variable post-press binding device, which can be said to be the first high-end online synchronous binding of digital printing equipment entering the Chinese mainland market. However, it may be the factor of just completing the installation and debugging. The single product is printed at the demonstration meeting. The advantages of variable binding are not displayed, and the printing quality during the demonstration is difficult to compliment. This year, HP has introduced the T410 color machine, and it is sure to make new progress in quality.
This year's drupa printing exhibition, the introduction of digital equipment is more powerful than in the past, and the application of digital technology in equipment has also evolved from printing to post-press, such as Martini, MBO all claim to be able to achieve data sharing, Printing provides convenient services.
Printing production and binding linkage is to show the integrity of the equipment, reflecting the data sharing. In fact, in the process of online operation, the book binding specifications change too much, it will certainly pin the speed of digital printing, so at present, one There are still certain requirements for the number of products on the machine, and too many specifications change, which is definitely not conducive to the advantages of large-scale equipment.
The printing industry, which is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises, decides whether to bind the production equipment or to be small and practical.
Binding is an important process for realizing the final product. It can even be said that after the printing has been basically perfect, the printing company competes with the quality of the binding and the service level. The digital printing products are also the same. Therefore, the quality of the binding is constantly improved, and the development application is different. The material, creative design of more beautiful final products is an important means for enterprises to participate in market competition.
The development of digital printing certainly calls for equipment manufacturers to introduce more professional post-press finishing equipment suitable for production needs, but the printing industry dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises has decided that these equipments are small and practical, in order to meet the actual production needs but the price Good quality and beauty. Large, high-speed pipelines are still limited in demand for digital printing companies.
We are looking forward to the rapid development of China's digital printing industry during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period. We also expect digital printing companies to develop more digital printing products with practical needs of the people in cooperation with equipment manufacturers.