Printing principle and process
Printing is a process technique that allows a plate or other means to transfer graphic information on an original to a substrate. In order to achieve this process, it is necessary to have originals, plates, substrates, inks, and printing machinery. It is a comprehensive engineering discipline, which mainly studies the basic theories of printing science, printing and graphic information processing, printing technology, various recording plates, printing materials and adaptability.
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Basic knowledge of printing:
1. The following is generally based on color printing (offset printing). First, you must know the specification opening number. The normal flat sheeting specification is divided into large and positive. The large full sheet specification is: 119cm* 89cm (47 inches * 35 inches). ), cut into two called the split, cut four to open four, cut 8 to 8 open (A3), cut into 16 for 16 open (A4). The full gauge of the positive paper is: 108cm* 78cm (43 inches * 31 inches), the same cut two for positive degrees, ... and so on. Generally, a 1cm machine is required to bite the bite of the paper and the 0.5cm crosshair color registration level on both sides. Of course, our company is mainly based on web, so it can also be converted into square meters.
2, paper and printing: paper is generally divided into offset paper, such as ordinary copy paper, writing paper; coated paper, matte paper, more than 200g thickness called card, such as copper card, etc., mostly used for albums and advertising color Single; whiteboard paper, white cardboard, mostly used for carton packaging; there are carbonless copy paper, self-adhesive paper, sulfuric acid paper, special paper, and cardboard paper, core paper, cattle cardboard, and so on. The thickness of the paper is generally calculated in grams g. Generally speaking, 157 g of coated paper means that the thickness of the coated paper is 157 g per square meter, and the larger the number of grams, the thicker the paper. Printing is used to call 500 sheets of paper as 1 order paper. The paper is ton of price. The papers of various grams thickness are different for each ton. There are tables for reference. Printing quality is generally first to see if there is no registration, print outlets clear whether the firm, there is no paper layout rub dirty and scratched, cut repair wire whether in print, the text has not been broken pen, color is uniform, even if proofs check proofing. Printing fees are typically calculated in a color order, i.e., a printed paper of each color so that a color order named.
3, after printing: post-press processing steps are re-film, dumb film, bronzing, oil, over UV, folding, saddle stitch binding, lock line glue, indentation die cutting, fine tile E corrugated.
4, as well as packaging, delivery, receivables. Generally, we must prepay when we sign the contract. Normally, we pay 50% of the prepayment. Because the printed content is specific to this customer only, if it is not, it is useless.
Printing classification:
1, offset printing: commonly known as color printing, with the film through the drying machine on the pre-coated photosensitive version (PS version), and then printed on the paper with an offset press, the general network cable number is 175 lines / square inch, 175L / inch; offset press There are monochrome machine, two-color machine, four-color machine, five-color machine, etc.; specifications have Daquan Zhang machine, full boot, on boot, four boot, eight boot and so on.
2, gravure: generally plastic printing, or web printing, printing a large number of packaging bags or cigarettes, magazines, etc., based on electric engraving roller version.
3, silk screen: generally print a thicker pattern, printed materials are cloth, plastic, paper, carton board, etc., the printing version is based on the frame line, the general is generally 80 ~ 100 lines, we are in contact with the paper Such as printing UV oil, sanding effect, partial UV glazing.
4, flexo, watermark is printed with a film on the resin plate, rubber plate photosensitive corrosion or engraved printing pattern. (In addition, hot metal embossing, you must first go out of the film to do corrosion of metal plates.)
5, offset printing network and outlets: generally more than 175 lines per inch, more commonly used in coated paper album ads, etc., white paper or rough surface paper should use 150 lines; high-end albums use 200 lines, generally The 200-line press is very flat, and there is no problem with the film. The key is printing.