Printing knowledge
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There are several ways to generate Posts cript files:
(1) You can refer to the Posts cript language format and write a Posts cript file directly with your text editor as needed. Of course, if the file is more complex, the workload is not small, and you must be familiar with the syntax of PostScript.
(2) You can use special Posts cript file editing software or some text, image editing software to provide the function to generate Posts cript file;
(3) The easiest way is to add a PostScript printer (virtual) to your operating system. Then in the text editor or graphic editor, the image you need will pass through the PostScript printer. Print to another file, the resulting file is the Posts cript file you want!
Prepress production output experience (let you get out of the prepress production predicament)
• The font used in the file, confirm the output center, or need to be carried.
• When storing graphics, check whether the color mode is CMYK mode to avoid color deviation.
• Check the link file before exporting, and change the link information in time if there is any change.
• Images with a large amount of graphics are stored in EPS format, and the Include halftone and Include... options are not included in the storage options. If they are placed in PageMaker, they should be cropped and rotated before being placed.
• If the graphic is in TIFF format, unnecessary channels and paths are deleted before storage. It is not recommended to store it in LZW compression format.
• The TIFF format with a large amount of graphics is placed in the PAGEMAKER layout file, which is prone to tensile deformation and should be stored in the EPS or DCS format.
• C version Pageaker 6.5C Chinese font download, easy to lose words, symbols take place, big characters with teeth. Inserting EPS file in PageMaker is easy to lose after rotation. Please rotate and insert PageMaker software.
• Don't use bold and underline effects for Chinese characters in ageMaker. When entering text into the PC, PageMaker should delete the space, otherwise it will be garbled. There is a problem with the version of the PC font library. After the substitution, it is easy to produce text moves and loses. Please indicate the output center, the font version number used.
• The trapping options of ageMaker need to be used with caution. Please see the preview effect.
• Fonts in CoreIDraw 8.0 cannot use Chinese fonts in the Windows system, such as Arial, Blackbody, and Carcass, and do not print file information when printing.
• 46 versions of the Chinese text of the four treasures of the text, the word will appear in front of the symbol.
• CORELDRA's PSD format image output is very slow, in some versions with a channel or rotation will cause image defects, should be converted to a bitmap.
• Do not use paragraph text in CORELDRAW. Please change to art text or to a curve.
• In CORELDRAW, you can use the shading and pattern attached to the software to fill the graphics or as a base map. Note the following: 1. Select the appropriate precision, which is usually 1.5-2.0 times the number of output lines. If the accuracy is too low, Affect the accuracy of the map, too high will affect the output speed. 2. The selected basemap should pay attention to whether its attribute is CMYK mode. Generally, the basemap shading filled is RGB mode, which should be changed to four-color mode.
• When using CORELDRAW version, in order to increase the speed (output) If the file is large, there are many types of graphics. It is better to combine several small versions of the base image to reduce the amount of information in the file and increase the output speed. Note that text should not be converted to a bitmap (especially small words). If text is converted to a bitmap, the accuracy of the text will be affected.
•ILLUSTRATOR, FREEHAND, white fills and lines, check the OVERPRINT option in the property to avoid loss.
• Spot color gradients in the ILLUSTRATOR file should be noted during color separation interpretation. Please prompt the output center.
• If you are using EPS DCS 1.0 2.0 format or PS IMAGE format, please prompt the output center.
• Gradient processing is not ideal for desktop systems. It is best to add 3-4 noise points to PHOTOSHOP's filter when making.
• When using the Founder WITS layout software, please note that the following fonts are not available in the output center in the WITS fonts: Coarse Song Amber 2 Extra Thick Black Zhong Yuan Cai Yun Han Jian Song Si Xin Bao Song Ping Black Skinny Gold Body Huang Caochang牟 Japanese 1 Japanese 2 Japanese White Sports
• When exporting, ask the output center if there is a large area gradient (red, yellow, black) with darker colors.
• If you use vector graphics editing software such as CoreIDraw, Freehand, and ILLUSTRATOR, if there is no special effect on the font, it is recommended to turn it into a curve or a path. This will ensure the foolproofness of the font. (Note: If you convert to a path or curve, it may cause aliasing on the screen, but it does not affect the output.)
Printing process
Prepress refers to the pre-printing work, generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting, etc.;
The middle finger of printing refers to the middle of the printing process, and the process of printing the finished product through the printing press;
After printing refers to the printing of the latter part of the work, generally refers to the post-processing of printed materials, including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, paste bags, equipment, etc., used for promotional and packaging printing.
Printing elements
Paper: There are many types of paper, generally divided into coated paper and uncoated paper. Coated paper generally refers to coated paper (light copper) and matt powder (unluster copper), and is mostly used for color printing; non-coated paper generally refers to offset paper and newsprint, and is generally used for printing stationery, envelopes, and newspapers.
Color: Normal prints are embossed by yellow, magenta, cyan, and black, as well as printed spot colors.
Post-processing: Post-processing includes many processes, such as bronzing, bumping, etc., which can help improve the quality of printed materials.
Print classification
The ultimate product category
Offices: Refers to office-related prints such as letter paper, envelopes, and office forms.
Publicity: Refers to posters, leaflets, product brochures, and other printed materials related to corporate publicity or product promotion.
Production category: refers to large quantities of printed matter directly related to the production of products, such as packaging boxes and adhesive labels.
Classified by printing press
Offset printing: refers to lithographic printing, used for printing on four-color paper.
Gravure printing: refers to gravure (usually refers to the steel version) printing, used for plastic printing.
Flexographic printing: refers to the use of flexible materials (usually refers to the resin plate, etc.), used for stickers printing.
Screen printing: It can be printed on various materials and used for gift printing.
Classification by material
Paper Printing: The most commonly used printing.
Plastic printing: Mostly used for printing bags.
Special materials: Printing refers to the printing of glass, metal, wood, etc.
Appropriate and reasonable selection and use of paper is of great importance for ensuring the quality of publications and reducing the cost of publications. As a person in charge of material management in the publishing and printing industry, not only should the types and specifications of the required papers be selected in advance according to the publication plans of the various annual and quarterly divisions of the department, but also the amount of various papers required in the publication plan can be accurately calculated. It should also be able to coordinate and guide the printing staff in the rational use of paper in order to reduce paper consumption and increase economic efficiency. The
(I) Selection of paper
The selection of paper includes the selection of varieties, specifications, and quality grades. It is not possible to focus on one aspect but neglect other aspects.
When selecting a paper type, it is mainly necessary to select according to the characteristics of the printed material to be printed and the type of printing machine used. Double-sided coated paper or offset paper can be used for color covers, illustrations, or ad inserts in printed books and magazines; single-sided coated paper or single-tape paper can be used for single-sided prints such as trademarks; printed dictionaries, dictionaries, manuals, and other tools The book should use dictionary paper or thin letterpress paper; printing general books can use offset book paper or letterpress paper. It is also a general book for printing. If you want to use it on a rotary press, you need to use web (except flatbed printers). If you plan to print on a general platform, you need to use flatbed paper; if you print on an offset press, you should use offset paper, If you print on a letterpress printing press, you can use letterpress printing paper.
There are many kinds of prints, and the type of paper used must be selected according to the specific characteristics of various prints. The
The selection of paper specifications involves the opening of books and papers. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce paper-opening methods and commonly-used papers for general books and periodicals.
The paper produced by the paper production department in accordance with national standards is called full-open paper. A full-open paper is cut or folded into small pieces of equal area, and the number of open pages is called. The specifications of various types of publications have a uniform standard across the country. Therefore, the books printed in all parts of the country are of the same size.
Because the sizes of various sizes of paper are not the same, although they are all cut to the same opening size, their size and specifications are not the same. After the books are booked, it is inaccurate if they are collectively referred to as the number of copies. China currently uses 787*1092 (mm) paper as a standard print. It is used to print a 32-page book called 32-copy book. If a 32-page book is printed on 850*1168 (mm) paper, because the paper size is larger than the standard print, a "big" word is called, which is called a large 32 book.
The selection of the open book is generally based on the nature of the book, the number of pages, the level of the reader, the conditions of use, and other factors. There is no hard and fast rule. Most of the books and periodicals are cut in a geometric progression of 2 so that they can be folded into books using the machine during binding. The more common ones are 16, 32, and 64, and the most commonly used is 32 copies.
The geometrical series opening method of the lower knife in the longitudinal direction is also a basic opening method that is commonly used, ie, the straight opening method. In accordance with the geometric progression of 2 cut, you can also start the knife in the width direction, which is the so-called horizontal open method.
Cross-rolling method is rarely used, only certain covers, inserts and special paper for prints, adopt this method.
In order to meet the special needs of publication, deformed versions of non-geometric series are sometimes used, such as 12-open, 18-open, 20-open, 24-open, 28-open, and 36-open. The malformed copy can't be folded with a machine, and the material is too cumbersome to be opened. Manual operations are used during binding, and errors are likely to occur. Therefore, general books and periodicals, especially books with a large number of prints, are rarely used. There are three open methods, five open methods, and seven open methods.
With the same number of open and open-book printing books, the size and area of the copy vary with the specifications of the selected paper, so pay attention to the specifications of the paper when selecting the paper. In general, more authoritative documents or social celebrities often use 850*1168 (mm) large-format paper, and most novels and other ordinary books use 787*1092 (mm) standard paper. There is also an internationally more common specification 880*1230 (mm), which has been officially included in the national standard.
When selecting the paper specifications, besides paying attention to the size of the paper, select the appropriate ration. Generally, under the premise of satisfying printing and usage requirements, papers with a smaller basis weight should be selected as far as possible, which can reduce the cost of publications.
After selecting the type and specification of the paper used, the quality level of the paper must be carefully selected. In other words, it is necessary to be familiar with the characteristics and quality of various products of various paper mills, and to keep abreast of and understand their changes.
After the selected paper types, specifications, manufacturers, and quality levels have been determined, it is also important to note that it is best to use the products produced by one manufacturer in the same period to print the same book in the printing process. Otherwise, due to the large differences in the color of the same type of paper produced by different manufacturers at different times, the phenomenon of "sandwiching" will occur in printed books.
Corrugated paper knowledge:
There are many different methods. For example, the cartons produced by each different plant will have certain differences in terms of color and feel. The most important thing is to understand the actual process.
Cardboard consists of face paper, pitting, crepe paper, and bottom paper.
The commonly used face and bottom papers are as follows:
K paper, basis weight 200g, imported from the United States 240g, even 300g
A paper, basis weight 160g
B paper, basis weight 120g
W paper (white), basis weight 125g
Common bie (bie) paper
125g ordinary wolfberry, 125g imported wolfberry, 150g imported wolfberry, 150g ordinary wolfberry, 175g ordinary wolfberry, 175g imported wolfberry
Commonly used pit patterns
A楞 4MM
B楞 3MM
C楞 3.5MM
E楞 1.8MM
The most common combination of two pits is BC. There are quantity requirements when ordering boards, and the number is not enough to be less than AB board. Some Taiwanese companies (electronic industry) are doing single pits. When beer box, like to use E楞.
Thickness of cardboard
Single Pit 3±1MM Common Expressions: K3K, K3A, A3A.........
Double pit 6±1MM Common expression: K=K, K=A, A=B
Three pits 9±1MM commonly used expressions: K three K, K#K can
Remarks: 611+T is a double-pit material cardboard with a thickness of 6mm. The paper is 6 sheets (6 papers is a little worse than A paper), and the bottom paper is T paper (T paper is almost worse than B paper). Used instead of A=B.
Y11+Y is also the same, except that it is used instead of K=K.
K2L, Y+1+Y is single hole material cardboard, thickness 3MM, used instead of K3A and K3K respectively