Paper product finishing technology analysis and common process introduction
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China's paper product finishing technology is developing rapidly in terms of equipment and materials. The equipment is fully automated, online production line, post-press coating, coating, indentation and slitting integration, which greatly simplifies packaging printing. Production process and production cost are reduced, environmental pollution is overcome, and failures such as stripping and delamination are avoided. The surface finishing process of paper products prolongs the service life of products, expands the consumption space, and makes the packaging of paper products comparable to plastic and metal packaging, especially in the process of circulation, in order to protect goods, disseminate information, and facilitate storage and transportation. It plays an increasingly important role in consumer use and the establishment of national brands.
At present, there are many kinds of finishing techniques related to paper products, and there are no uniform formats, models and standards. This article is an overview of paper products and their finishing techniques.
First, what is the finishing technology
The paper product finishing technology selects different finishing production processes according to the substrate carrier (including non-printing graphics and composite molding), and carries out post-press processing from the positioning requirements, forms, and material value of the product brand. technological design. The usual basis is: the use of different substrates (wrapping paper, kraft paper, composite paper, etc.) through pre-press, printing and post-press processing for binding, molding, paper container processing, surface decoration and other technologies.
Throughout the paper product finishing technology, it is inseparable from the printing, finishing, connecting, sewing (glue) box, loading back, upper cover and other processing procedures. And almost all different finishing techniques are used to improve the high added value of paper products and packaging products.
Second, the factors to be considered in the design of packaging and printing
As a garment for goods, packaging and printing has become an important factor affecting the competition and consumption of goods. To this end, people are increasingly demanding it. It must be low-cost, durable, and aesthetically pleasing; both to ensure that goods are not damaged, but also to stimulate consumers to use more; It is also necessary to be easy to identify signs that are both hygienic and non-toxic, and that they can be recycled. Nowadays, it has become a fashion, and the packaging and printing industry has racked its brains to transform new styles.
The development of packaging substrates has enabled many new materials and technologies to be applied. The upgrading of products has also created new conditions for the development of commodity packaging. It can be summarized simply: without ink materials, packaging printing (decoration, text) can not be called, it is impossible to have a history of civilization and colorful packaging products; without adhesive materials, there is no packaging printing of various shapes Shape; without glazing oil (paint) and film, there is no dazzling array of goods.
We know that color is a factor of change in the process of comparison, and reconciliation is a factor of unity. At the same time, the color design of the packaging and printing decoration can not only have a decorative picture but no text. The unification of decoration and writing often plays the role of beautifying goods and promoting goods. This requires that the color design of the decoration should be just right, the picture is gorgeous and unconventional, and the Chinese is not floating, creating a harmonious and harmonious beauty. The text design requires that the expression be rigorous, outstanding, concise, and the concept should be scientific. It not only reflects the characteristics of the product, but also has a strong pertinence, and outlines the artistry and the sense of the times.
Third, the main content of post-press processing
Postpress processing technology, also known as post-printing technology. Strictly speaking: post-printing technology is not a technology, it can only be called a method, but in the anti-counterfeiting packaging, due to the different printing positions, it will directly affect the anti-counterfeiting effect. Therefore, the author believes that post-printing (anti-counterfeiting) is a technology with special significance, because traditional printing will provide opportunities for counterfeiters due to poor management, and secondly, it cannot economically suppress the activities of criminals, and then printing technology is just right. Solve the above two problems.
When the printing carrier is completed, it is often necessary to carry out the post-press processing design according to its object, such as paper container processing or book binding or surface processing (ie, finishing engineering), in the finishing process of paper containers, usually Use composite - film - hot stamping - glazing - molding.
The following is a brief description of this commonly used process.
1. Laminating. A strict inspection of the quality of the finished paper print before filming - because the surface of the film is flat, clean or not, softness, smoothness of the edge, drying speed, solvent residue, dusting, The precision, strength and laminating speed of the composite board will directly affect the film quality (such as bubbles and wrinkles) of the paper product.
2. Pad printing. Although it is second only to hot stamping, it is favored by the printing industry because of its low material cost and continuous batch production, and it can complete the transfer printing and slitting in one time, and the waste side is small. Taiwan's gravure pad printing equipment mostly uses acrylic resin as the binder, plus gold, silver powder, etc., directly using the rotogravure to print the ink on the PET mold, and then randomly transfer it to the substrate. The emergence of this technology, one is much lower than the cost of hot stamping, and the second is the mechanical rotation of continuous operation, but better than the letterpress transfer effect, slightly less than the hot stamping effect.
3. Silk screen. The method mainly prints UV ink or transparent ink directly on gold or silver cardboard (usually used in cigarettes and wine box packaging in recent years). It is often used as a screen printing for manual or rotary screen rotation. Since the screen printing ink film is thicker than the gravure pad printing 1 to 2 times, some units still use the copper-zinc plate on the electro-aluminum. There are also varnishes or varnishes to print the Spring Festival couplets. Later, the galvanized aluminum surface is flattened and pressed onto the flat plate. After the varnish or varnish is completely dried, it is unveiled, and the hot stamping quality is almost the same as hot stamping.
4. Hot stamping. This is a production method that has been used for nearly half a century. The temperature, pressure and hot stamping speed control of hot stamping determines the quality of hot stamping. After hot stamping, it is usually required that the graphic does not change color, does not bloom, does not fade, and the like. Although hot stamping is less effective than round transfer printing, it has the advantage that printing and silk screen printing cannot be compared in small pieces of small prints, especially the hot stamping on the work piece (photo type) is irreplaceable by other methods.
5. Glazing. Paper products should be glazed according to the application (coating paste). In 2003, Wuhan Jinlong Tobacco Factory imported two high-speed labeling machines (twice the traditional, the temperature has increased by nearly 50 degrees), when using traditional alcohol-soluble cigarette ink and varnish, the result is due to speed or The influence of temperature causes the ink migration on the trademark and the back viscosity of the glazing oil to fail to be properly labeled, and the authentic rate is less than 70%. After the improvement of the ink and varnish, it was transferred to normal production. At the same time, the UV glazing of the cigarette box should be reserved at the joints on both sides to avoid the cementation.
6. Security. The laser hologram pattern is directly printed on paper, so-called anti-counterfeit paper. It is generally used in securities (such as the scratch award for covering ink). There are also printing anti-counterfeiting technology for watermark paper carriers with coins as substrates, and security thread security technology. There are also miniature letter security lines, fluorescent safety lines, business card paper, pearl paper, laser iris paper, gold foil paper with aluminum foil, silver foil paper, and embossed paper, refraction paper, perforated paper, matte paper formed by reprocessing. Even in the papermaking process, red, blue fibers or colored chips (blocks, powders) are incorporated into the pulp, or scattered on the surface before the paper is formed, and fluorescent reflection or the like under ultraviolet irradiation. Flat convex printing and multi-process printing, special gloss printing, special matt printing, laser holographic iris printing are collectively referred to as paper products anti-counterfeiting finishing technology.
7. Molded. Under appropriate pressure, the location of the indentation of the wrapped paper product is accurate, and the technical focus is on the accuracy of the stencil. There are also paper-based prints made by vacant calendering, matte, ice, etc., which are also popular among consumers.
Fourth, the binding process design and preliminary preparation
1. Binding is part of the finishing of paper products. Binding must match the printing process, taking into account the amount of paper, the number of prints and the quality requirements of the user (eg size of the book, size of the size, way of folding, cover, back cover, spine layout and decoration design, Lite and Hardcover, production) Whether the cycle, schedule time, Nissan capacity, quota quota, material preparation, sample book determination, book core page number, graphic layout, appearance and price are in line with the technical requirements of the binding design.
At the same time, the size and binding form and the sample book after the printing of the book post in the printing workshop are proofread, and the quality inspection department is first reviewed, and the production can be organized after the qualification is determined.
2. Whether the booklet (including carton) binding process design is square when cutting, no knife and uncut bleeding, whether there are continuous corners, broken heads, faded, inserts, whether the spine is centered, flat, whether the cover is positive and the page number Whether it is repeated or missing pages and smooth pages, whether the pages are wrinkled or broken, whether the pulp mouth and folding pages are consistent, whether there are jump stitches, loose stitching, wireless binding or whether it has been glued firmly...
3. The choice of binding process and materials is our choice on the cover, the joint, the ring lining and other materials. First, pay attention to the materials required for the book (including the paper box) (such as offset paper, coated paper, glazed paper, cardboard, Coated paper, cardboard, PVA coated paper, lacquer paper, etc.) Request or propose a fee selection plan from the printing unit. It is often the first requirement of the binding process with economy, practicality and convenience.
4. The binding process and group version of paper products (including imposition design, layout planning) and precautions in imposition design (including book page arrangement, sheet number arrangement, layout size and printed sheet folding) should be considered when using each center page. It is also necessary to take into account the relationship between the two sides of the sticker and the sticker (for example, cross-page, color-coded graphics), and arrange it in the center as much as possible, using paper of the same PH value and color to ensure the consistency of the printing ink color and the decorative text ink. The integrity of the film. Otherwise, it will directly affect the finishing level of paper products (including boxes, boxes) and other finishing techniques.
V. Conclusion
After all, the paper product finishing technology is in the end: you are in the opposite direction. Because with the development of the times and the passage of time, new changes will occur, especially in the ink, varnish, and binder systems, the amount of solvent volatilization and total solvent residue after film formation. The amount of waste residue and other environmental pollution problems, what we have to do is to solve the many problems that have been forced by the advancement of technology, as soon as possible to make China's paper products finishing technology more perfect and perfect.