New Choice of Bill Anti-counterfeiting - Digital Watermark
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The bill can be said to be one of the most closely related prints in people's daily lives. From the commonly used banknotes, bonds, industrial and commercial tax invoices, stocks, checks, securities, stamps and tickets for various activities, etc., it directly involves personal interests. The bill is not only a voucher, but also has a special collection value in the collectibles market. With the development of high-quality image input and output devices, especially the emergence of high-precision color inkjet, laser printers and high-precision color copiers, operators can easily tailor, splicing, brightness, contrast, and color adjustment of digital information. Adding changes to the background and text makes it easier to forge the printing of checks and other bills. Traditional anti-counterfeiting technology can no longer meet the demand. In order to prevent such risks, bills have put forward higher requirements for anti-counterfeiting technology in design and production.
The new anti-counterfeiting technology must first be unique, so that the corresponding technology can not be obtained from elsewhere; in addition, the technology is difficult to forge. Digital watermarking technology is an effective method, which is an important research direction of information hiding technology. The digital watermarking technology will not change the visual image of the bill, and can maximize the creativity of the bill design experts. At the same time, it has the world's most advanced, safest and most advanced anti-counterfeiting standards.
First, the anti-counterfeiting status of the bill
China's anti-counterfeiting printing technology involves many scientific fields, such as optics, chemistry, electromagnetism, computer technology, spectroscopy, and graphic code technology. It belongs to a cross-edge science. The current anti-counterfeiting technologies are as follows:
1 Paper anti-counterfeiting: With the rapid development of China's papermaking technology, paper with anti-counterfeiting function is continuously applied to the production of bills, such as watermarks, visible fibers and invisible fibers, security thread paper, etc. These are some of our more common ones. Widely used anti-counterfeiting technology, in addition to anti-copy paper, when we identify these technologies, some can be directly seen by the naked eye, some are carried out by instruments, while others are identified by comprehensive means. These are the first-line anti-counterfeiting, second-line anti-counterfeiting and third-line anti-counterfeiting mentioned in the industry.
2 Ink anti-counterfeiting: In the printing of bills, anti-counterfeiting inks can be divided into colored fluorescent, colorless fluorescent, infrared ink, photochromic, temperature change, anti-alteration, dripping and disappearing ink, etc. These inks use different identification features to form different The anti-counterfeiting scheme is anti-counterfeiting through the first, second and third lines mentioned above.
3 plate anti-counterfeiting: plate making anti-counterfeiting is the application of some professional software to design some anti-counterfeiting shading, these shading is difficult to be copied to a certain extent, from this point to achieve anti-counterfeiting purposes, more common are: group flowers, miniature text, The latent image, unlocking, variable line width, etc., the anti-counterfeiting of the shading is anti-counterfeiting by lines, the lines can produce rich changes, can prevent counterfeiting and scanning, increase the added value of the bill, of course, design and output with anti-counterfeit shading At the time, the requirements for computers are relatively high. At present, it is a relatively extensive anti-counterfeiting method, mainly used in certificates, certificates, and securities.
4 Comprehensive anti-counterfeiting: In the field of bill printing, the most comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology combining anti-counterfeiting paper and anti-counterfeiting ink and plate-making anti-counterfeiting technology, the comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology combines the advantages of three anti-counterfeiting methods, which brings great difficulties to counterfeiting. Of course, its added value is even higher.
5 anti-counterfeiting holographic identification positioning hot stamping technology. The technique of locating hot stamping is very difficult. It requires the printing manufacturer to have a precision positioning hot stamping equipment. All common holographic anti-counterfeiting technologies such as pixel holography, true color synthetic encryption micro-engraving embossing, etc. can be used on the hot stamping label. Excellent anti-counterfeiting effect.
6 rainbow printing anti-counterfeiting technology. The rainbow printing anti-counterfeiting technology can print a variety of colors at a time and the intermediate color transition is soft according to the printing requirements of the bill. The method of multi-color overprinting for rainbow printing is difficult to achieve, and it is difficult to see the exact position of the various color plates in the ink fountain in the ticket. It is difficult for the counterfeiter to determine the spacing of the spacers even if the method of rainbow printing is used, thereby increasing the number of spacers. The difficulty of counterfeiting.
In recent years, China has made great progress in the development of anti-counterfeiting materials and anti-counterfeiting printing technology. For example, special anti-counterfeiting printing technology for bills, DNA anti-counterfeiting technology and micro-text printing anti-counterfeiting technology have been applied to the printing of commercial papers. Effect.
Second, an overview of digital watermarking
The basic idea of digital watermarking technology is to embed specific information (such as copyright information, serial number, company logo, meaningful text, etc.) into various digital media such as images, voices, and videos to achieve information hiding. This process does not affect the normal use of the original data, does not change the size of the original data, and does not change the appearance of the original information.
1. Anti-counterfeiting characteristics of digital watermark
The invisible nature of the digital watermark determines that it can be combined with other anti-counterfeiting technologies. The digital watermark printing anti-counterfeiting technology is different from the traditional printing anti-counterfeiting technology. It completely updates the traditional concept of printing anti-counterfeiting and has unique properties in the anti-counterfeiting of printed matter.
1 technology exclusive. The embedded and embedded content of digital watermarks is random. The digital watermarks hidden by each type of print can be different, and the location of the added watermark is also random. Such randomness and variation characteristics make it difficult for counterfeiters to counterfeit.
2 anti-counterfeiting investment is small and low cost. Digital watermark users can directly embed anti-counterfeiting information into printed matter by using their own packaging and design through digital watermarking software. No need to change the production or printing process, no special materials, no need to increase printing, printing costs and change the original design look.
3 technology upgrades are fast. According to the product characteristics, different software designed for different and easy to update, so that the corresponding printing anti-counterfeiting technology can be continuously upgraded.
4 high confidentiality. In addition to its personalization and unidirectionality, as well as the concealment implicit in the media, digital watermarking technology can also be combined with cryptographic private keys and public key control detection, which is more confidential than other technologies.
5 product value added. The use of internationally recognized high-end anti-counterfeiting technology - digital watermark technology anti-counterfeiting, will make counterfeiters have nothing to do, thereby enhancing customer trust in digital watermark users and their products, enhance and maintain the user's brand image, and increase product value-added.
2. The core technology of digital watermarking
1 Digital watermark generation and hiding algorithm based on wavelet algorithm.
The wavelet domain algorithm is used to convert the spatial domain data of the digital image into the corresponding wavelet domain coefficients by discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and according to the type of information to be hidden, it is appropriately encoded and deformed, and then according to the size of the hidden information. And the corresponding security target, select the square frequency domain coefficient sequence. Finally, the frequency domain coefficients of the digital image are inverse transformed into spatial domain data.
2 watermark anti-copy technology.
When a counterfeiter gets a printed package containing a digital watermark, it will try to copy it (such as using a high-precision digital scanner). To prevent digital watermark information from being copied, the digital watermark embedding software uses a chromatographic equivalent given algorithm to hide the watermark information. This method can ensure that the counterfeiter can not avoid changing the chromatographic equivalent when the process adjusts the color of the original image, thus fundamentally ensuring that the watermark is not copied.
3 anti-attenuation technology.
From digital images to printed matter, it is necessary to go through many processes such as plate making and printing. The characteristics of digital watermarks must be attenuated in each process. In order to ensure sufficient digital signal strength in the final print, digital watermark embedding software is generated. The watermark information takes into account sufficient signal strength to ensure that the signal strength (robustness) is still reliably machine readable when passing through multiple processes.
4 digital watermark inspection machine reading.
Digital watermark inspection machine reading can eliminate the uncertainty of human factors, improve the inspection speed, enhance the security of hidden information (watermark) identification, and can form multiple stereo with mature anti-counterfeiting inspection equipment such as RFID, ultraviolet, magnetic strip and so on. Anti-counterfeiting system to improve the overall security level.
Third, the framework of digital watermarking
A typical digital watermarking model consists of two main processes: one is the embedding process of the watermark, and the other is the extraction or detection process of the watermark. Each owner has a unique watermark, or an owner can embed different watermarks into different objects. The watermark information is preprocessed and added to the carrier, which is called embedding. The embedding of a watermark can be understood as the transmission of a wideband signal (watermark) by spread spectrum communication techniques over a wideband channel (original image). The design of the embedding stage mainly solves two problems: the generation and embedding algorithm of digital watermark. Extracting the watermark information from the watermarked data or detecting the existence of the watermark information is called watermark extraction and detection. At present, most watermarking schemes use a key when adding and extracting, and only the person who masters the key can read the watermark.
The principle of digital watermarking technology for ticket anti-counterfeiting is basically the same as that of digital watermarking technology for multimedia such as audio and video, except that in the embedding process of watermarking, screening is required, and in the process of watermark extraction and detection, the printed matter is required. The graphic information is scanned, and there is an analog/digital (A/D) conversion process in this process. This requires that algorithms based on halftone digital watermarking techniques must account for these factors in the corresponding embedding and detection process. The embedding and extraction process is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Figure 1 Watermark embedding process in printed matter
Figure 2 Watermark extraction process from printed matter
Fourth, the application of digital watermarking at home and abroad in ticket security
With the development of digital watermarking technology, the application field of digital watermarking has also been expanded, from the early use of anti-counterfeiting for audio and video to all kinds of licenses, bills, and the packaging of high-value goods such as famous cigarettes, famous wines, and valuable medicines. Anti-counterfeiting, digital watermarking has been widely used in anti-counterfeiting printing of various tickets.
Germany uses digital watermarks to prevent forgery of electronic photographs, and to process information that is invisible to humans in photographs. This method can quickly and unambiguously determine the authenticity of a document. The MIT Media Lab research adds a unique, invisible digital watermark to each image output from a color printer or copier. By quickly determining the presence or absence of a watermark from a scanned ticket, it quickly identifies the authenticity. Japan has added watermarks to insurance bills, and proposed data hiding as a solution to identify the integrity of digital photos, to determine whether photos have been tampered with and where tampering is located. Signum's VeriData software adds invisible watermarks to printed packages and trademarks to protect a wide range of secure documents, including bank checks, passports, bonds, ID cards, plastic cards, tickets, driver's licenses, certificates, and tickets. , reports and packaging.
China’s 61,000 tickets for the 6th China Flower Expo held in 2005, Sichuan’s 10 million Shenji postcards issued by the Sichuan Panda for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games mascot, and the tickets for the 6th International Western Expo in China. The successful use of the world's large-scale convention and exhibition activities using digital watermark printing anti-counterfeiting technology. In addition, China's Olympic tickets use the advanced anti-counterfeiting technology of digital watermarking, which uses the main and sub-linked styles with large amount of information and flexible functional division. The main link page is used to express the national quintessence of the host country of the Olympic Games, focusing on the collection; the deputy association records information such as fares and attendance notes, focusing on the verification function. The main and deputy associations use digital watermark printing anti-counterfeiting technology to achieve the highest level of anti-counterfeiting, to ensure that the Olympic Games tickets are scheduled to be launched for pre-sale (especially for overseas pre-sales) according to the Olympic market development plan, without fear of being counterfeited and forged.
Digital watermarking technology is a hot topic at home and abroad. It is in a stage of rapid and continuous development, and the application field is rapidly expanding. It plays an increasingly important role in the field of anti-counterfeiting printing and has become a highlight of anti-counterfeiting packaging. Commercial papers have important value in social life, and the anti-counterfeiting work of commercial papers is particularly necessary. The wind of fake tickets has been repeatedly banned. The ticketing company has adopted seven kinds of anti-counterfeiting measures on one ticket, and it still cannot eliminate the proliferation of fake tickets. Therefore, the use of advanced digital watermarking technology to replace traditional anti-counterfeiting technology is the development direction. With the digital watermark anti-counterfeiting technology constantly innovating, it is bound to provide greater protection for the anti-counterfeiting of the bill packaging, and will bring considerable economic and social benefits.