Multi-color printing began in the Yuan Dynasty
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As we all know, book printing is an application field of printing. Printing through printing makes knowledge spread widely, and promotes the rapid and sustainable development of human progress. The early book printing was monochrome. Later, with the appearance of book illustrations and the application of overprinting, book printing began to develop from monochrome to multi-color to color printing. The earliest extant multi-color printed book is the "King Kong Jing Zhu", which was engraved by Zifu Temple in Zhongxing Road (now Jiangling, Hubei Province) from the Yuan Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty (AD 340).
The Yuan Dynasty "Jing Gang Jing Zhu" is the "Diamond Sutra" of the Zhongxing Road (now Hubei Jiangling) in the Yuan Dynasty, which was engraved by Zhu Wu and Mo two in the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty. The original was hidden in the Nanjing Central Library. Before the liberation, it was brought to Taiwan and is now in the Central Library of Taiwan. This "King Kong Jing Zhu" is a disguised form, the first volume of Sakyamuni's statement, the endless scroll of the monk, and the "Veduo image", the scriptures, the circle, the sentence reading symbol, etc. Double lines are printed in black. After the book, Liu Jueguang wrote the essays in the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty. He said: "The teacher wrote in the chamber of Zifu Temple. In the fourth month of Gengchen, there were four stalks of Ganoderma lucidum, and the stems were yellow and purple. The first month of the next month. One night, Liu Jueguang’s dreams of Longtian’s party were published in the magazine. The four pieces of Ganoderma lucidum under the "Biography of the Diamonds" are in harmony with Liu's essay.
The two-color print "Jin Gang Jing Zhu" printed by Zifu Temple in Jiangling, Hubei Province is the earliest existing overprint, but it is not the earliest overprint, which must be clearly defined. The reason is that people used to talk about printing and overprinting from the perspective of printing, and confuse printing with printing, overprinting and overprinting. For example, there are still people who think that the overprinting process began in the Yuan Dynasty, saying that the "King Kong Jing Zhu", which was printed by the Zifu Temple in Jiangling, Hubei, is the earliest existing overprint. If the "King Kong Jing Zhu", which was engraved in the Yuan Dynasty, is the earliest existing overprint, it is correct, because the existing early seals are the earliest in the "Diamond Sutra" (in recent years, some people have said that "someone was in history." In the museum's collection, I saw a remnant of the Song Dynasty engraved Li Yu's "Building the French", which is a multi-color overprint." See Luo Shubao, "The History of Ancient Chinese Book Printing," p. 173). However, it is necessary to use this "King Kong Jing Zhuo" as the physical evidence, saying that it is the earliest overprint, and further inferred that the Yuan Dynasty invented the overprinting technique, which is a big mistake and a mistake. The reason is that among the existing ancient sets of printed products, there are many sets of printed products - such as the banknotes of the Song and Jin period, the overprinted Buddha paintings of the Liao Dynasty, and the "Oriental 朔 stealing peach maps" of the Jin Dynasty, all far earlier than this "King Kong". By note. The invention of overprinting was far less than the 1340 year of the Yuan Dynasty's engraving of the Diamond Sutra. It is beyond doubt.
When it comes to the engraving process of the Yuan Dynasty's "King Kong Jing Zhu", the opinions of the academic circles are not the same. One way of saying this is to "paint a different color on a plate and print it at one time." Another way of saying is that "there is a version of the original and the ink is printed twice after the ink is applied." It is for further study and research.