Integration of color management architecture and printing process
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Foreword
The color management system has been talked about for a long time. From the early ColorSync 1.0 and 2.0 to the current ICC, the middle industry, academics, and users all spent a long time trying, exploring, and using it. For a long time, why the color management process is not as common as expected. Of course, today, although I can't propose a complete solution, I can put forward some personal experience in using it, even some problems encountered in debugging, and integrate it into a color management architecture and printing process integration. , share with everyone.
The foundation and application architecture of color science
First, the CIE world color standard:
The most important concept of the CIE 1931 XYZ color matching function is to describe the human perception of color mathematically. In other words, in the existing CIE XYZ system, everyone can use the color feeling. Three values describe it. In the past, we were looking at color. Unless we look at a color in the same environment, it is difficult to define a "color" precisely. What is the difference in visuality? In this case, too much. Subjectively, there is no way to find a standard to define color. The problem we encountered in the printing industry is "customer first". Everything measures the quality of color according to customers' preferences. However, if the customer is color blind, color quality control and communication will be difficult to achieve. Therefore, the CIE standard becomes very important. We can define the color of a metric as a measure to quantify the color.
Therefore, the color matching function of CIE 1931 XYZ to the 1976 CIE LAB isometric uniform color space represents the meaning that each color has a specific position in the color space. For example, we define red, orange, yellow, Green...etc. The color and white position in the color space, and in which position of the color we copy, in the color space, we can judge the difference tolerance of the color, as a standard for future quality control. When using this method to build quality tools, CIE LAB's isometric color space has practical significance.
Among the many CIE color standards, the most important thing to care about is which one I should use, but the important thing is to say that your standard is in your process, where are you setting yourself, and you are in the same industry as the downstream industry. Where is the importance, that is the standard for communication when you integrate.
Second, the use of the printing industry
In the printing industry, there are many premise assumptions when using color management. For example, the standardization environment of the D50/2 degree perspective is that color science has different standards and different considerations in different industries, such as the printing industry and the textile industry. There is a big difference. There are also great differences in the consideration of the instrument. Is it true that the use of the instrument is wrong? The color management system is not good. In fact, in the color management process, a certain link is not good, and the color management process is not good.
Therefore, the color management process is based on the concept of device independent color as a basis for color management. The most important concept is whether the color value of your device color in the color space can correspond to different materials in the color independent space. The color value represented by a point, so you only need to map all the devices to the color space of the LAB, and then the color space of the LAB corresponds to another space, so that the color has a communication bridge, and the device independent color space has a way. Build color management.
Color management requires an exchange standard. You can order the same standard and exchange color data with each other. This is the main task of ICC. ICC is actually a "specification". You need to pay attention when you get a profile specification. The question is whether it is compatible or not, you need to pay attention when doing system integration.
Closed color printing process
The color electronic color separation machine and Drum Scanner have been used in the color printing process for many years. For the printing process, there is a special process for the personal machine with a special machine. Under such a system, there is a good color separation quality, and CMS The quality of the color separation can only be less than or equal to the color separation quality of Drum Scanner. CMS is to save you time, money and speed up the workflow, not to replace the color separation quality of Drum Scanner.
However, Drum Scanner's color separation electronic color data is based on the back-end output device, the printing machine, the film output machine equipment is taken into consideration, is a closed color data, can not be used in a digital environment.
Color management architecture
The color management architecture consists of three main programs:
1. Calibration
a. Calibration (Calibration)
b. Characterization
2. Color Profile
3. Conversion Engine (CMM)
Open printing process and color management architecture
The influence of desktop publishing (DTP) and the influence of digital publishing (CTP) lead to an open sound brushing environment and the introduction of many color management systems/software, and the integrated color separation process and proof output. The process is quite related to the color management process.
First, the color management printing environment:
To do color management, you need the following instruments and components:
1. Color measuring instrument
2. Color management software
3. Integrate existing tools with existing production processes: including existing computer operating systems, application software support, and output environment coordination are the most important keys in the color management process.
Second, the color management of color separation input:
The RGB signal scanned by the scanner is converted to a CMYK file for subsequent printing, which we define as the color management process for the color separation input.
So you have to:
1. Create a profile of the input device
2. Input image originals according to the profile created by the creation
3. Establish whether the image file format is associated with the profile
4. Confirm the profile of the output device
5. Color correspondence and conversion of image data
6. Typesetting group page and output
Third, the color separation input considerations:
1. Scanner settings
2. The ideal of a perfect manuscript
3. Retouching requirements / gamut correspondence
4. sRGB confusion, causing difficulties in use
5. How to integrate with RIP/Sever
6. How to evaluate the efficiency of the system
7. Can avoid the attachment of output characteristics such as ink
8. Still need a good output profile
Fourth, the color management of proof output
Color management for proofing output requires:
1. Create a profile of the target
2. Create a profile for the proofing device
3. Absolute color conversion mode
Fifth, the consideration of proofing output:
1. The color gamut of the proofing device should be wide enough
2. The stability of the proofing equipment should be high enough
3. Characteristics of non-four-color output
4. Differences in black replacement
5. Acceptance of FM sites
Future prospects
1. The theory of color management is feasible
2. Color management equipment continues to improve
3. Quality versus expected
4. Workflow needs to be optimized and optimized
5. The education and training of personnel is the focus
6. Increasing production capacity and reducing costs do not affect quality is the goal.