In this way, you can recycle a complex soft packaging waste, and you will harvest a "Jinshan"
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Composite flexible packaging waste mainly comes from two aspects: first, waste film, scrap and scrap in the production process, and second, composite flexible packaging that is discarded after use. At present, the recycling technology of single paper, plastic, metal and other packaging materials has been relatively mature at home and abroad, but the variety of raw and auxiliary materials used in composite flexible packaging includes various substrates, adhesives, solvents and inks, and The packaging structure of different products is ever-changing, which results in the disorder of the composite flexible packaging waste, the screening difficulty is very large, and the bonding strength between the substrates of the composite flexible packaging is high, and it is difficult to separate by the general method, so the composite flexible packaging waste Recycling is more complicated, which is one of the bottlenecks in the development of composite flexible packaging.
Before introducing recycling technology, it is necessary to introduce the current treatment methods for flexible packaging waste.
Composite soft packaging waste treatment method
The recycling technology of composite flexible packaging waste is more difficult. This is because composite flexible packaging can not be reused after sorting, cleaning and disinfection like plastic packaging. It must be effectively separated before recycling. The key to recycling is to Separate or peel off composite materials of different materials (such as paper, plastic, and metal). With the development of science and technology, the processing technology of composite flexible packaging waste is also constantly improving. In summary, the commonly used composite flexible packaging waste disposal methods are as follows.
(1) Landfill method. This is the most negative and simple method. It is to directly fill the composite flexible packaging waste in the wasteland or concave land in the outer suburbs, so that it will decompose, but the decomposition time required is very long, even ordinary PE, PP, etc. The plastic composition must be completely decomposed after 200 to 400 years. At the same time, the buried plastic waste is retained in the soil, which will also destroy the permeability of the soil, reduce the water storage capacity of the soil, affect the absorption of water and nutrients by the crops, and lead to the reduction of crop yield, and the accumulation of more will seriously hinder the groundwater. Circulation and leakage. Therefore, with the development of science and technology and the development of the economy, this treatment method will soon be eliminated.
(2) Incineration method. The incineration method is also a simple and convenient treatment method, which is a treatment method in which a mixed plastic which cannot be used for recycling and a mixture thereof with other garbage is used as a fuel, is incinerated in an incinerator, and then fully utilizes the heat generated by the combustion. . The biggest feature of this treatment method is that the material that has been identified as waste is converted into energy. The residue after combustion is small in volume and high in density. It is very convenient to occupy the land when it is landfill, and it is relatively stable and easily disintegrated in the soil. in. It is expected that this treatment will continue to be adopted for a considerable period of time in the future.
(3) Chemical treatment to recover regeneration. The plastic in the composite flexible packaging waste is decomposed by pyrolysis or chemical reagents, and the products are high-value chemical products such as monomers, small molecules of different polymers, compounds, and fuels. The chemical raw materials decomposed by this recycling treatment method are basically the same in quality as the new raw materials, and can be used in the same way as the new materials to form a renewable resource, so that the use of natural resources can form a closed loop and achieve pollution control. purpose. Nowadays, more and more technologies tend to use chemical treatment methods to separate and recycle composite flexible packaging waste, which is also a recycling technology that we should vigorously develop.
Recycling technology for composite flexible packaging waste
The recycling technology of composite flexible packaging waste is getting more and more advanced. The development trend is to separate the waste flexible packaging materials and recycle them, such as re-pulping and papermaking after recycling the paper; recycling and re-granulation after recycling the plastic. The metal is separated and reused or smelted again. Turning waste into treasure is the goal and purpose of all development trends.
At present, a variety of composite flexible packaging waste recycling methods have emerged in the country. For example, waste paper-plastic composite materials are used as raw materials, and they are placed in a dissolution tank containing an organic solvent. After heating and stirring, the paper-plastic composite material is used. The plastic layer is dissolved, the paper monomer and other monomer layers are separated, and the separated paper monomers can be beaten and paper-processed.
Here are a few new composite soft packaging waste recycling technologies.
(1) Thermal decomposition recovery technology. The thermal decomposition recovery technology of composite flexible packaging waste is mainly divided into four aspects: one is combustion technology for the purpose of generating heat, steam and electricity, and the other is pyrolysis technology for manufacturing medium and low calorific value fuel gas, fuel oil and carbon black. The third is the gasification and pyrolysis technology for the production of medium and low calorific value fuel gas or NH3, CH3OH and other chemical substances. The fourth is the gasification and pyrolysis technology for the manufacture of heavy oil, kerosene and gasoline.
(2) Chemical separation technology. At present, a method for separating polyethylene and aluminum foil composite materials has been invented in China. The operation principle is: the use of organic weak acid molecules such as acetic acid and formic acid can penetrate the polyethylene plastic layer and the paper layer, thereby dissolving the oxidation of the aluminum bonded to each layer. The aluminum foil, polyethylene and paper in the composite flexible package are completely separated, respectively, without dissolving the elemental aluminum. Since the industrial pure acetic acid and formic acid can be recycled and the recovery cost is low, the separation method can achieve good economic and social benefits at the same time, but the specificity is strong.
According to reports, the Brazilian Paraguay Institute of Technology has developed a new technology for recycling composite flexible packaging materials. The institute uses a special chemical solvent to recover three layers of different materials (paper, aluminum foil, plastic) by immersing the paper aluminum-plastic composite packaging waste in this special chemical solvent for about 2.5 minutes. It can be separated, then manually sorted, and the solvent is removed by high pressure.
Huijia Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. has developed a stripping agent for paper aluminum-plastic composite packaging materials, mainly using soaking and infiltration of paper aluminum-plastic composite packaging with acidic solution containing nitric acid, and aluminum oxidation at the joint of aluminum-plastic composite packaging. The layer is separated and dissolved to achieve the separation of the plastic layer or the paper layer and the aluminum foil layer in the paper aluminum-plastic composite package, so as to conveniently recover and reuse various useful materials such as aluminum foil, plastic or paper.
The main difference between these chemical treatment methods is the separating agent, and the key technology is also the treating agent. Some people in the country have developed a treatment solution based on caustic soda solution, which is selectively separated by a separator.
(3) Utilization of other new technologies. At the same time, many new technologies for recycling and recycling of composite flexible packaging wastes are emerging. For example, Japan uses waste plastics as raw materials for industrial waste power generation; in blast furnaces, waste plastics are used to produce carbides as components required for steelmaking; The goods are transported to the suburbs or rural areas for fertilizer treatment. In addition, specific gravity identification solvent separation method, wind screening, electrostatic separation, low temperature pulverization, dissolution separation method, hydraulic separation method, X-ray fluorescence separation method, infrared separation method, etc. have all become new trends in waste polymer classification and recycling technology research. .
It is worth mentioning that Tetra Pak has carried out fruitful work in recycling composite flexible packaging waste, and developed a number of technologies specifically for separating paper aluminum-plastic packaging, and successfully recycling packaging waste.