In addition to design, you also need to know these printing knowledge!
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Graphic design is the basic work of printing design. Without the basis of graphic design, printing design can not be done. The basic principle of printing graphic design is that in addition to the operation of graphic design software, the graphic processing skills of graphic design, it is necessary to understand what kind of design. Can print, design works are in line with the printing conditions, so graphic designers need to learn printing knowledge to better create works that meet customer requirements.
What is image resolution and why is it emphasized?
A high-resolution image contains more pixels than a low-resolution image of the same size, and has more image information and clearer details, which is one reason for determining the image resolution in consideration of output factors. If an image is displayed on the screen, the resolution is 72 pixels / inch; if used for 600Dpi printer output, it requires 150 pixels / inch image resolution; if you want to print, you need 300 pixels /inch high resolution. The image resolution setting should be appropriate: if the resolution is too high, the running speed is slow, and the occupied disk space is large; if the resolution is too low, the expression of the image details is not affected, and the corresponding quality requirements are not met.
Why do images need to have an image file format? There are several image file formats that are often involved before printing. What are the properties?
The image file format determines how files are compatible with various applications and how files exchange data with other files. Since there are many formats for images, the format of the image should be determined according to the purpose of the image. The image file formats commonly used in design are: TIFF format: TIFF is a tagged image file for saving images composed of color channels. Its biggest advantage is that the image is not limited by the operating platform, regardless of PC or MAC. UNIX machines can be used universally. It can store alpha channels and store color separation data in a single file. It is the most common image format for printed documents. EPS format: EPS format is used for printing and printing. It can store Duotone information, store Alpha channels, and store path and screen information.
What is the printing color?
The process color is a color composed of different percentages of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and K (black), so it is more reasonable to call it a mixed color. C, M, Y, and K are the four primary colors used in printing. In printing, these four colors have their own color version, and the dots of this color are recorded on the color plate, and the four color plates are combined to form the defined primary colors. In fact, the four printed color dots on the paper are separated, but the distance is very close. Because our eyes have limited resolution, they cannot be distinguished. The visual impression we get is the blending effect of the various colors, thus producing a variety of different primary colors. Y, M, and C can synthesize almost all colors, but black is also required, because the black produced by Y, M, and C is impure, and a more pure black is required for printing. The electronic files used for printing must be four-color files (ie C, M, Y, K), and files in RGB color mode cannot be used for print output. Remember!!
What is color separation? Is color separation so important? How to color separation in Photoshop?
Color separation is a printing term that refers to the decomposition of various colors on the original into four primary colors: yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. In computer-printed design or graphic design image software, the color separation work is The color mode of the scanned image or other source image is converted to CMYK mode. Generally, the scanned image is in RGB mode, and the image taken with a digital camera is also in RGB mode. Most of the images downloaded from the Internet are in RGB color mode. If you want to print, you must divide the color into four colors: yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. This is the requirement for printing. If the image color mode is RGB or Lab, it is possible to output only the dot on the K version, that is, the RIP interpretation only interprets the color information of the image as gray. In Photoshop, the color separation operation is actually very simple: just convert the image color mode from RGB mode or Lab mode to CMYK mode. In this way, the color of the image is represented by the color material (ink), and has a channel of 4 colors. When the image is output, the image will be generated according to the channel data of the color, and divided into four pieces of yellow, magenta, cyan and black. Color separation film.
In the case of color separation, when the image is transferred from RGB to CMYK, the naked eye can see that some colors on the screen will change significantly. What is the reason? What effect does it have on the color of the image?
When the image is changed from RGB color mode to CMYK color mode, some vivid colors on the image will change significantly. This change can sometimes be observed obviously. It usually changes from bright color to darker color. . This is because the color gamut of RGB is larger than the color gamut of CMYK, which means that some colors that can be represented in RGB color mode are beyond the color range that CMYK can express after switching to CMYK. These colors can only be used in similar colors. Color substitution. Thus these colors produce a more pronounced change.
What mode is better for designing the color mode of the image?
In Photoshop, the image's color modes are RGB mode, CMYK mode, GrayScale mode, and other color modes. The mode in which the image mode is designed depends on the end use of the design image. If the designed image is to be printed or printed, it is best to use the CMYK color mode so that the color seen on the screen is closer to the output print color or the printed color. If the image is gray, it is better to use the GrayScale mode, because even if the image is expressed in CMYK color mode, it still looks like a neutral gray color, but its disk space is much larger. In addition, if the gray image is to be printed, if it is expressed in CMYK mode, there are 4 editions in the film and printing. The cost is not big, and it may cause the color cast problem when the gray balance control is not good during printing. When the amount is too large, the gray image will be colored.
What is spot color and spot color printing?
Spot color means that when printing, instead of printing C, M, Y, K four colors to synthesize this color, it is specifically to use a specific ink to print the color plane design printing knowledge introduction graphic design printing knowledge introduction. Spot color inks are pre-mixed by the printing house or produced by the ink factory. For each spot color of a print, there is a special color version corresponding to the print. Use spot colors to make colors more accurate. Although the color cannot be accurately represented on the computer, the color of the color on the paper can be seen by the pre-printed color sample card of the standard color matching system.
How is gold and silver printed? What are the requirements for prepress design?
In the design, customers often require gold and silver printing. Since gold and silver cannot be realized by four-color printing, their printing and technology have special requirements. When printing, gold and silver are processed according to the spot color, that is, printing with gold ink and silver ink, so the film should also be a spot color film, a film film alone, and printing separately. When designing a computer, you should define a color to represent gold or silver, and define the color type as a spot color to meet the design requirements. Since gold, silver and silver are opaque, gold and silver content can be set to Overpint when designing.
What is bleeding? Why do you want to stay bleeding?
Any image that exceeds the cutting line must have a certain margin (usually 3mm) outside the cutting line, so that a slight amount of misalignment is allowed during the trimming. This margin is called bleeding.
What is the printing process like?
The pre-printing work generally refers to photography, design, production, typesetting, filming, etc.; in the mid-printing work, the finished product is printed by the printing machine. Film (film) is not directly used for printing. The color plate used for printing is usually called PS plate. It is an aluminum metal plate with a film on one side. At the time of printing, the place where the film is on the color plate absorbs the ink. The amount of the adsorbed ink is different depending on the density of the film, so that there is a color depth. The paper is colored in four different color plates of C, M, Y, and K in the printing press, and various colors come out. The post-printing work generally refers to the post-processing of printed materials, including cutting, laminating, die-cutting, binding, mounting, etc., and is mostly used for propaganda and packaging.