Hand screen printing printing performance and preparation method
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Manual screen printing involves a wide range of different substrates, and different substrates have different choices for printing. According to the printing of common substrates, several methods for preparing printing materials are introduced.
First, the performance and preparation of plastic printing materials
(1) Drug performance
1. Polyvinyl chloride: powdered resin
The main raw material of the plastic formula is fast and easy to swell, easy to form a gel, and is dull. It needs to be heated when dissolved in cyclohexanone.
2, polyvinyl chloride: paste resin
Imported goods, the transparency is better than the powder, can be dissolved in cyclohexanone without heating, the function is the same as the powdery resin.
3, perchloroethylene: flocculent resin
The main raw material of plastics is slower than PVC, and it is sticky and shiny. However, it is more viscous than polyvinyl chloride resin after drying. It should not be added in the formula, otherwise it will stick after drying.
4, perchloroethylene varnish
The varnish is used as a mixed varnish in varnish water. Compared with lacquer, it is fast drying, and it can both stabilize and dry in the paint.
5, cyclohexanone
Solvent, used to dissolve polyvinyl chloride resin and perchloroethylene resin, is highly corrosive and slow to dry. If the amount of poly(per)vinyl chloride resin is too large to be dissolved, it is best to stop using it and switch to butyl acetate or xylene.
6, butyl (ethyl acetate) ester
The solvent is diluted in the formulation, the ethyl ester is dried faster than the butyl ester, and both are glossy. Generally, butyl ester is commonly used in the formulation.
7, xylene
Solvent, dilution, corrosive and volatile, high dryness, more in the seasoning can accelerate drying, but can not be used when blending gold or silver.
8, dibutyl phthalate
Solvent, plasticizing in the formulation, slow drying, not suitable for use in the ingredients.
9, nitrobenzene
Solvent, flammable and toxic, low volatility, can play a slow-drying effect, add a small amount of good plastic raw materials, can prevent sealing when printing, and seal can be used for copying.
10, various colors of printing (pulp) materials
The powder is heavy and the water is also large. It is not easy to put more when adjusting the plastic printing material, and it is easy to agglomerate when printed.
(2) Printing material preparation
1. Preparation of polyvinyl chloride pulp
Formula
PVC tree refers to 100 grams
Cyclohexanone 500g
Xylene 500g
Dibutyl phthalate 100g
Operation
Pour the order of the medicine into the seasoning vessel, and pour it into a medicine with a glass rod or a stick to stir it completely.
When adjusting the ingredients, the seasoning utensils should be placed in the hot water to warm up and promote the dissolution of the medicine.
Note: The adjusted polyvinyl chloride pulp is transparent, and it is easy to form a jelly in cold weather. When used together with other ingredients in winter, it needs to be heated to dissolve it.
2. Preparation of perchlorovinyl chloride
Formula
Perchloroethylene resin 500g
Cyclohexanone 500g
Dimethyl stupid 500g
Butyl acetate 500g
Operation
Pour the order into the seasoning utensils. For each medicine, pour it into a saucer and stir it thoroughly with a glass rod or stick.
When the material is blended, no warming is required, and the prepared perchlorovinyl chloride slurry is brown-red transparent.
3, white material preparation
Formula
Polyvinyl chloride pulp 500 g
Perchlorovinyl chloride 500g
Titanium Dioxide (Titanium Dioxide) 500g
Operation
Pour the above-mentioned medicines into the seasoning iron bucket, stir them slightly with a wooden stick, stir them with a blender for more than 6 hours, mix the medicines evenly and finely, and add a little blue paint. The advantage of this is to adjust. The white color is bright.
After filtering with a sieve of about 100 mesh, it is placed in a porcelain jar and stored and covered with a little cyclohexanone on the surface to prevent drying.
4, gold (silver) color material preparation
Formula
Polyvinyl chloride pulp 120g
Perchlorovinyl chloride 80g
Gold (silver) powder (800 mesh or more) 100 g
Operation
The gold (silver) powder needs to be soaked with cyclohexanone for a period of time before preparation.
The medicine is poured onto the glass plate in sequence and blended with an inkjet.
Gold (silver) materials can be used as needed, so it should not be stored for too long, so as to avoid the long-term gloss and darkening, which will affect the effect after printing.
Gold (silver) material is thick or dry too fast, can be diluted with cyclohexanone, but can not add xylene, otherwise it will easily cause gold loss.
5, dark material preparation
Formula
Perchlorovinyl chloride 30g
Polyvinyl chloride pulp 70g
Printing paste
Operation
Use the ink shovel to align the original color sample on the seasoning plate, but the color is slightly lighter than the original, and the color can be consistent with the original after printing.
6, light color material preparation
Formula
White amount
Printing paste
Operation
Use the ink shovel on the palette to match the original color, but the color is slightly darker than the original, and the print can be dried to match the original color.
(3) common formula reference
1, co-coating slurry preparation
Formula
Vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride co-coating resin 200g
Cyclohexanone 500g
Butyl acetate 400g
Operation
Pour the medicine into the seasoning utensils. Use a glass rod or a wooden stick to pour it into the medicine.
2, a total of large pulp preparation
Formula
Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate total resin 150g
Butyl acetate 400g
Cyclohexanone 500g
Methyl benzoate 200g
Operation
Pour the medicine into the seasoning utensils. Use a glass rod or a wooden stick to pour it into the medicine.
The above two formulations are easy to operate, do not need to be heated and dissolved, do not need to be mixed, single use, gloss and firmness are ideal, but according to the climate change and the performance of raw materials, flexible use.
Second, paint, thick paint printing performance and preparation
(1) Drug performance
1, all kinds of thick paint
The main materials of printing varnish and lacquer paper are heavy in weight, less viscous than ink, shiny, easy to dry, and printed on the object surface with a three-dimensional effect.
2, various color resin inks
It is sticky, shiny and not easy to dry.
3, dry oil
Promote the drying of thick lacquers and inks, quantify in the climate, add more when cold, and less when hot.
4, grease varnish (old name varnish water) shiny, sticky, diluted.
5, turpentine
For dilution, it has low volatility, good decomposition and dullness. It is a good solvent for thick lacquer.
6, glycerin
Colorless, odorless, viscous liquid.
7, gasoline
For dilution, it is volatile, non-sticky, and should not be used too much.
8, fish oil
It is shiny, not easy to dry, and has a little stickiness. It can be used more when adjusting the gold powder.
(2) Printing material preparation
1, white paint preparation
Formula
Lid powder 15 kg
Grease varnish 8 kg
Glycerin 1 kg
Operation
When adjusting, press the ink machine several times.
2, black paint preparation
Formula
Carbon black 15 kg
Grease varnish 12 kg
Glycerin 1 kg
Black ink 1.5 kg
Operation
When adjusting, press the ink machine several times.
3, red paint preparation
Formula
Toluidine red 3.5 kg
Grease varnish 6 kg
Glycerin 1 kg
Red ink 1 kg
Operation
When adjusting, press the ink machine several times.
4, various color paint printing materials
Formula
Thick paint 60-80
Printing ink 40-20
Dry oil 1-15
Appropriate amount of thinner
Operation
According to the original color sample, use the ink shovel to adjust the ink on the ink leveling table. The dark color should be shallower than the original one. The light color should be deeper than the original one. After drying, it can be consistent with the original.
Third, cotton textile printing materials preparation and operation
(1) Preparation and operation of cooked pulp
1000 grams of wheat starch, adjusted into a uniform paste with cold water, heated and boiled for a few minutes, so that the slurry is cooked thoroughly, then warmed water to 5000 grams for use.
(2) Preparation and operation of printing materials
Powdery fast pigment 150-300 g
Neutral Taikoo Oil 150-250g
Caustic soda (40°Be) 100-150 g
Industrial alcohol 150-250 g
Cooked pulp (wheat starch) 3000-2750 g
Cooked water (50-70 ° C) 1450-1300 g
Weigh the dye first, and then add neutral Taikoo oil, caustic soda (such as Taikoo oil is acidic, it should first burn the lye after the Taikoo oil), industrial alcohol, mix thoroughly into a slurry, pour into 50-70 ° C hot water Stir well until the dye is completely dissolved. Finally, add the dye solution to the so-called paste under stirring, and mix it evenly into a cotton textile printing material.
(3) Preparation and operation of color developing acid
100 g of 66 ° Be concentrated sulfuric acid and 150 g of Yuanming powder (also called anhydrous mirabilite) were poured into 2000 g of cold water, stirred uniformly, and then heated to a total weight of 5000 g. Be careful not to pour concentrated sulfuric acid into hot water or pour water into sulfuric acid. Otherwise, it will easily cause the acid to explode and splash on the skin, causing corrosion and burns.
After the cotton textile is printed, the cotton textile is exposed to the air overnight (at least 18-24 hours), and then immersed in the acid solution at 70-80 ° C for another half minute, and taken out with water for several times to make cotton There is no acidity on the textiles.
(4) Preparation and operation of soap cooking liquid
Clear water 5000g
Soap 15g
The colored cotton textile is placed in boiling soapy liquid and scoured. After 10 minutes, it is taken out and washed with water. The washed cotton textile printing is bright and firm.
Fourth, common light color formula reference
1 pink: white material-based, slightly orange, pink
2 flesh color: white material-based, slightly orange, medium yellow
3 beige: white material, slightly orange, medium yellow, black
4 lake blue: white material-based, slightly add peacock blue, if you need a little deep blue, if you need light resistance, you can use bright blue
5 lake green: white material-based, slightly bright blue, light yellow, if you need to deepen slightly yellow
6 light snow cyan: white material-based, slightly pink, blue
7 gray: white material-based, slightly black ink, royal blue, if you need to bring yellow, blue, red, slightly dark yellow, bright blue, pink
8 emerald green: peacock blue plus lemon yellow
9 olive yellow green: white material, plus yellowish and peacock blue, slightly pink
10 dark green: dark yellow plus medium blue, then slightly dark red, if you need to tender slightly add yellow, peacock blue
11 Silver-gray: white material-based, slightly silver paste, black ink, if you need blue, add a little blue
12 ivory yellow: white material, plus medium yellow, peacock blue and orange
13 False gold: mainly dark yellow, slightly dark red, medium blue, such as a little black ink at the bottom, if you need to light a little white ink.
14 Qinglian: Peacock Blue Plus Pink
15 Bronze color: mainly dark yellow, slightly increased red, black ink
Fifth, the adaptability of printing materials
The prepared plastic printing material is suitable for the printing of substrates such as plastics, plastic products, synthetic leather and leather.
The prepared paint and thick paint are suitable for the printing of substrates such as metal sheets, glass, lacquer paper, varnish and paper products.
The prepared cotton textile printing material is suitable for the printing of various kinds of substrates such as cloth, vest and shirt.
Manual screen printing method
When hand-screen printing, hold the scraper and apply a slight pressure on the screen surface to press the printing material into the mesh of the ink-printing part of the printing plate, and squeeze it onto the substrate so that the substrate reproduces the same graphic as the original.
If you want a perfect screen printing, you must understand the entire process of manual screen printing. The basic steps of the screen printing process for substrates of different materials and shapes are the same, but the printing and printing adjustments used are slightly different. Now we will focus on their commonalities.