Environmental protection plastic bag
Environmentally friendly plastic bags are short for various types of biodegradable plastic bags. With the development of science and technology, various types of materials that can replace traditional PE plastics have appeared, including PLA, PHAs, PBA, PBS and other polymer materials. Can replace traditional PE plastic bags. Environmentally friendly plastic bags have been widely used at present: supermarket shopping bags, roll-rolled fresh-keeping bags, mulching films, etc. have been widely used in China. Jilin Province has adopted PLA (polylactic acid) instead of traditional plastic bags, and has achieved good results. In Sanya City, Hainan Province, starch-based biodegradable plastic bags have also been used on a large scale in industries such as supermarkets and hotels.
table of Contents
1 Basic introduction
2 Origin of plastic bags
3 Composition
4 Decomposition time
5 Hazards of plastic bags
6 China Development
7 Production equipment
Basic introductionedit
The "Plastic Restriction Order", which came into effect on June 1, 2008, clearly stipulates that shopping malls, supermarkets and fairs must not provide free plastic shopping bags, and prohibit the use of plastic shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm. After the implementation of the "Plastic Restriction Order", certain results have been achieved, which has promoted the development of environmental protection plastic bag industry to a certain extent. [1]
Environmentally friendly plastic bags are:
1. The plastic bags that meet the national standard GB / T21661-2008 are called environmental protection plastic bags. Environmental protection plastic bags include recycled plastic bags and new plastic bags. The plastic bag with the degraded masterbatch added during the production of the plastic bag is called a degradable plastic bag. After 90 days, the degraded plastic bag can be automatically decomposed under certain conditions. Bags made of plastic film are collectively referred to as plastic bags. Our commonly used plastic bags are: convenience bags, supermarket bags, tote bags, flat bags, plastic bags, zippers, and industrial packaging bags.
2. A plastic bag that can be melted quickly by sunlight and wet. After testing by the National Environmental Protection Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, all product indicators meet or exceed national quality standards. They are hygienic, non-toxic and non-polluting. This degradable plastic bag is produced by using non-toxic polyolefin resin and adding degrading agents and other raw materials. Its advent has brought hope for reducing or eliminating white pollution.
3. Plastic bags that can be recycled after secondary use.
Plastic bag origin edit
Plastic bags were first invented by a European factory owner in 1902. Due to its ease of use and low cost, it is almost everywhere. Since the birth of the plastic bag, it is destined to be a "disposable and disposable" consumable.
Composition edit
Generally speaking, there are no completely environmentally friendly plastic bags, only some plastic bags can be easily degraded after adding some ingredients. That is, degradable plastic. Adding a certain amount of additives (such as starch, modified starch or other celluloses, photosensitizers, biodegradants, etc.) during the production of plastic packaging products, reduces the stability of plastic packaging materials, and makes it easier to degrade in the natural environment . There are already 19 units in Beijing that develop or produce degradable plastics. Tests show that most degradable plastics begin to thin, lose weight, decrease in strength and gradually crack into fragments after being exposed to the environment for 3 months. If these fragments are buried in garbage or soil, the degradation effect is not obvious. There are four shortcomings in using degradable plastics: one is that it consumes more food; the other is that the use of degradable plastic products can not completely eliminate "visual pollution"; the third is that due to technical reasons, the use of degradable plastic products cannot completely solve the environmental impact "Potential hazards"; Fourth, degradable plastics are difficult to recycle because they contain special additives.
In fact, the most environmentally friendly is to use no plastic bags or fixed plastic bags, reduce the amount of use, and can be recycled by the government to reduce environmental pollution.
Break time editing
The current environmentally friendly decomposition is relatively fast, and it may decompose within one year. There are also faster, Olympic environmentally friendly plastic bags can be decomposed 72 days after being discarded.
Hazards of plastic bags
Plastic bags do bring convenience to our lives, but the convenience at this time brings long-term harm. The recycling value of plastic bags is low. In addition to being scattered in urban streets, tourist areas, water bodies, highways and railways during use, In addition to "visual pollution" pollution, it also has potential hazards. The plastic structure is stable, it is not easy to be degraded by natural microorganisms, and it will not be separated for a long time in the natural environment. This means that if the waste plastic garbage is not recycled, it will become a pollutant in the environment to permanently exist and continuously accumulate, which will cause great harm to the environment. First, it affects agricultural development. Waste plastic products are continuously accumulated in the soil, which will affect the absorption of nutrients and moisture by crops, leading to reduced crop yields. Second, it poses a threat to the survival of animals. Waste plastic products discarded on land or in water bodies are swallowed by animals as food, resulting in death of animals. Nearly a thousand sheep were killed by 20 herdsmen by the Qinghai Lake, and the economic loss was about 300,000 yuan. Sheep like to eat the oily residues wrapped in plastic bags, but they often eat them together with plastic bags. Because the plastic they eat stays in the stomach for a long time and is difficult to digest, these sheep's stomachs are full and they can no longer eat Things can only be starved to death in the end. Such things are common in zoos, pastoral areas, rural areas, and the ocean. Third, landfills with waste plastic will not only occupy a large amount of land, but the occupied land will not be restored for a long time, affecting the sustainable use of land. If the waste plastic products entering the domestic garbage are landfilled, they will not degrade for 200 years. It has great harm to the land, changing its pH, affecting the absorption of nutrients and moisture by crops, leading to reduced agricultural production. As for plastic products discarded in water or on land, it will not only affect the environment, but will also cause death if swallowed by animals. This destroys the ecological balance. Fourth, toxic substances are decomposed at high temperatures, and plastic products are not toxic, but because of its inadequate equipment for recovery and reuse, the process is crude, and many manufacturers do not have legal business licenses, which causes the temperature of the reproduced plastic products to reach 65 ° C. At that time, poisonous substances will be precipitated and penetrate into the food, which will cause harm to important parts of the human body such as the liver, kidneys, reproductive system and central nervous system. Not long ago, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Notice on Restricting the Production and Sale of Plastic Shopping Bags" to the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and ministries and commissions of the State Council. The notice pointed out: In view of the fact that shopping bags have become the main source of "white pollution", in the future, local people's governments, ministries and commissions, etc. should ban the production, sale and use of ultra-thin plastic shopping bags and will implement a system of paid use of plastic shopping bags. Since June 1, 2008, the system of paid use of plastic shopping bags has been implemented in all supermarkets, shopping malls, and trade fairs and other commodity retail places. Plastic shopping bags must not be provided free of charge. Plastic bags play an indispensable role in our lives. China consumes a lot of plastic bags every year. In China, one billion plastic bags are used every day to buy vegetables, and the amount of other plastic bags is more than two billion a day. Shopping in supermarkets and bazaars with plastic bags provided by businesses has long been a habit in our lives. However, while plastic bags provide convenience to consumers, they also cause serious waste of energy resources and environmental pollution due to excessive use and difficult to recycle. In particular, ultra-thin plastic bags are easy to break, and our people's environmental protection awareness is weak. Most of them are randomly discarded after use, scattered in urban streets, tourist areas, water bodies, highways and railways, causing "visual pollution" and becoming The main source of "white pollution". More and more countries and regions have restricted the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags. The emergence of China's plastic restriction order means that our habits will inevitably change, and we will return to the life of picking vegetables in a basket. As a result, many opinions and speeches have been triggered. Some of them may be accustomed to the convenience of plastic bags in life, ignore the harm caused by it and oppose it. The plastic bag was invented by Austrian scientist Max Shuschni on October 24, 1902. This kind of packaging is light and strong, and is loved by customers and businesses. Therefore, shops and vegetable markets have provided free plastic bags. But this invention brought us serious environmental problems 100 years later. Because plastic bags are mostly produced from non-renewable degradable materials, the plastic structure is stable, it is not easy to be degraded by natural microorganisms, and it will not be separated for a long time in the natural environment. Disposal of this white waste can only be done by landfill or high temperature incineration. Neither approach is good for the environment. The landfill of waste plastic will not only occupy a large amount of land, but the occupied land will not be restored for a long time. The plastic bags buried in the ground will take more than 200 years to rot, which will cause great harm to the land and change the pH It seriously pollutes the soil, affects the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, leads to reduced agricultural production, and affects the sustainable use of land. The harmful smoke and toxic gases produced by incineration will also cause pollution to the atmospheric environment. So now plastic bags have become the "worst invention" of mankind in the 20th century. The implementation of the plastic restriction order is to solve or alleviate a series of environmental problems caused by the excessive use of plastic bags. From June 1, 2008, everything will be different. Plastic bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm, that is, ultra-thin plastic bags, will be banned from production, sale, and use. In order to improve the service life of plastic bags, people can use them reasonably and save plastic bags to reduce pollution. All supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars, and other commodity retail places will no longer provide free plastic bags. Consumers are encouraged to pick up cloth bags again, raise vegetable baskets with heavy pay, and reuse durable shopping bags to reduce the use of plastic bags. Environmental protection is not a matter of two people, but of everyone, of the country, and of future generations. It requires action and participation of the whole society. We only have one planet. From the perspective of sustainable development, the Plastic Restriction Order will be a measure for the benefit of future generations. Perhaps in the near future, plastic bags will disappear from our lives. Everyone has a responsibility to care for the environment! Let us be liberated from the imprisonment of using plastic bags! Plastic bags have low recycling value, and most of them enter the environment for recycling. There are two main hazards to the environment, namely "visual pollution" and "potential hazard". Visual pollution refers to the destruction of the appearance and landscape of waste plastic products scattered in the environment. Waste plastic scattered in big cities, tourist areas, water bodies, and railways brings bad stimulation to people's vision and affects the overall aesthetics of cities and scenic spots. And it has damaged the image of our country and our citizens. We call this situation "visual pollution". Visual pollution is the most prominent hazard of the "white pollution" problem. Visual pollution of waste plastic waste in cities, tourist areas, bodies of water, on both sides of roads and railways to varying degrees. These waste plastics are scattered on the ground, or hung on branches in the wind, or float on the water, polluting The environment, the spread of diseases, and the masses have responded strongly to this. Potential hazards refer to long-term deep-level environmental problems caused by waste plastic products that are difficult to degrade after entering the natural environment. The plastic structure is stable, it is not easy to be destroyed by natural microorganisms, and it will not be separated in the natural environment for a long time. This means that if the waste plastic garbage is not recycled, it will become a permanent pollutant in the environment and will not accumulate. The harm in the environment has the following aspects: Affects the development of industrial and agricultural production. Plastic products floating in the Yangtze River bring great difficulties to water source access, cause pump emptying and blockage, and cause huge losses to industrial production and hydropower stations. For example, Gezhouba Hydropower Station lost 200,000 KW.H of electricity every day due to the cleaning of floating plastic garbage. In the future, after the completion of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station in the Yangtze River, if plastic waste continues to pollute water bodies, the losses caused by power generation will be unthinkable; such situations are common in zoos, pastoral areas, rural areas, and the ocean; Waste plastic products that enter the domestic garbage are difficult to recycle. If they are landfilled, they will not be degraded for 200 years, which will lead to long-term occupation of large areas of land, which will increase the pressure on land resources. Not only will our generation be surrounded by garbage, but it will also make future generations lose their living space; it affects the comprehensive utilization of garbage. Domestic waste mixed with plastic is not suitable for composting. Waste plastic must be sorted out of the garbage, which in turn increases the cost of composting. Because the contaminated waste plastic cannot guarantee the quality, its use value is also very low. Randomly discarded plastic waste increases the intensity and pressure of the environmental health department. Plastic waste is also easy to carry bacteria and spread diseases.
China Development
The overall scale of China's environmental protection industry is still relatively small, and its boundaries and connotations continue to expand and enrich. With the development of China's social economy and the adjustment of the industrial structure, the direct contribution of China's environmental protection industry to the national economy will change from small to large, and gradually become an industry that improves the quality of economic operations, promotes economic growth, and improves the level of economic technology. The direction of industrial connotation expansion will mainly focus on clean technologies, clean products, and environmental services. The concept of China's environmental protection industry will also evolve into: "environmental industry" or "green industry".
During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China's environmental protection industry is expected to maintain an average annual growth rate of 15% -17%. The key areas of environmental protection investment include water environment, atmospheric environment, solid waste, ecological environment, nuclear safety and radiation environmental protection construction. And environmental capacity building. In 2010, the total annual income of the environmental protection industry will reach about 880-1 trillion yuan, of which the output value of comprehensive utilization of resources is 660 billion yuan, the output value of environmental protection equipment is 120 billion yuan, and the output value of environmental services is 100 billion yuan.
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