Color correlation - printing color system
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The close relationship between color and people is more important to the printing industry. From publication design to printing steps, color is an important issue.
The inks specified in the desktop design software are divided into two categories, Spot Color Ink and Process Color Ink. The four-color inks used in the current world have a variety of systems, including: Japan Standard, SWOP Standard, and European Standard (Eurpoe Standard). This kind of ink color is based on the preference of people in different regions for color perception. Spot color inks have several sets of standards, such as Pantone, DIC and ToyoInk, which are subdivided into general spot colors, fluorescent colors and metallic colors. The color designation is divided into four colors and spot colors, so the designer should use the ink color to specify the ink color, but otherwise it may not get the expected effect.
In response to different needs, there are different color matching systems in most software. The most common ones are Pantone, Trumatch, Focoltone, DIC and ToyoInk. They are suitable for different countries and regions, but also for spot color series. And four-color series.
Therefore, when designing the color scheme, please select the color matching system according to the series of ink systems that will be used during printing. And to buy a color sample of the selected color system as a reference, because the color seen on the screen may have a certain difference, the following is a brief introduction of some common color matching systems.
Digital prepress technology allows colors to be specified in increments of as few as 1% of dot values, which expands the ability for designers and drafters to create images with more colors. Trumatch is a color matching system designed for the above reasons, which organizes colors in small CMYK increments.
The Trumatch Swatching System is specifically designed to improve the accuracy of color specifications. It offers over 2,000 computer-generated colors that specify the exact ratio of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black for primary inks. Trumatch Another innovation in the Swatching System is the way it organizes colors, first the chromaticity (starting with the color spectrum first from red), followed by the saturation (from deep, lively tones to light tones), again Brightness (increasing or decreasing the black tax).
The Focoltone Color System is an improved method of selecting and matching primary colors. It is mainly classified by the percentage of each color and other percentages of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, thus reducing the need for trapping. Focoltone's color gamut consists of 763 colors synthesized from four primary colors, each of which varies from 5% to 85%. If used in conjunction with their published NoTrap software in QuarkXPress, it will make it easier for designers to select a combination of colors to match the printing and reduce the work of trapping.
Both sets of color matching systems are designed to match the inks of two of Japan's more famous ink factories, both of which are spot color matching systems that are popular in Japan.
Pantone is a color matching system developed by a US company. The full name in English is Pantone Matching System, or PMS for short. His spot color system is based on a color sample (Pantone ColorFormula Guide 1000), synthesized with 12 basic inks, can be formulated into 1012 PMS colors, and provides ink formulations. This color selection manual is printed with Coated Paper and Uncoated Paper.
Many ink manufacturers and software manufacturers claim that their products follow the Pantone color standard, which means that designers can create a color picture with desktop software and know with confidence, even on the color and color samples displayed on the screen. The color of the sample may not match exactly, but if printed with the appropriate spot ink, the color on the print will be quite close to the desired color.
However, be aware that desktop color printing that claims to be "Pantone Certified" can only produce approximate PMS spot colors because CMYK can produce limited colors, unlike Pantone color matching systems, which contain pre-modulated over 1000 colors. Color samples. Although they are mostly closer to the PMS color than those that do not claim "Pantone Certified", there are many PMS colors that are not precisely matched by these printers, so designers should pay attention to choosing colors.
In addition to the well-known spot color system, Pantone also introduced a CMYK-based color specification system, Pantone Process Color System, which is based on CMYK color ratios to indicate more than 3,000 colors. The first 2000 are two-color synthesis, the rest are tan and four-color synthesis, all of which are based on the colors that can be produced by four-color inks.
If Pantone's spot color system is used for color matching, there will be a lot of color problems when switching to four-color printing, because only about 50% of Pantone spot color combinations can be simulated by CMYK, and some colors are deviated. very far.
In order to get the exact color, there is the Pantone Process Color Imaging Guide, which attaches to each spot color the closest color sample that can be generated with the four primary colors. This color sample is very important to the designer because it It actually shows a number of spot colors that are difficult or impossible to synthesize in the four colors of cyan, magenta, yellow and black.
Pantone Hexachrome is a color matching system designed in recent years to match the high-fidelity color Hi-FiColor. The main combination is to add six colors of four colors to the spot color orange and the spot color green, and the combination can produce the color, which can reach 95. The %Pantone spot color effect, which used to require a lot of spot colors in the past, can now be done with only six color combinations.