Book hardcover processing points
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Nowadays, manufacturers of hardcover books generally have shell-making machines and hardcover linkage production lines. However, when small enterprises produce small-sized hardcover books, it is impossible to invest huge amounts of money to automate production. When receiving small orders from bids and classmates, they can only rely on existing equipment for processing. Due to processing conditions, they can only be strictly controlled according to quality standards in each process. Products that do not meet the quality standards and requirements are absolutely Can not flow to the next process, strict quality management on site. The following authors talk about the main points of processing hardcover books.
Raw material control
1. Use of cardboard
Book envelopes made for hardcover books and catalogues should be used and stored for more than half a year. This paperboard has a small shrinkage rate, which reduces the possibility of deformation when making a book cover. When the paper cutter is opened, first add 2mm margin to each side of the finished product size. After the wool sample is opened, the cut oblique bevel is processed into a light edge to eliminate the oblique edge generated by the single-knife cutting material, and the edge is reduced. Bubbles and edging are skewed. The length of the cardboard is 6mm long for the book block and 2mm for the width of the book block.
2. Use of medium diameter paper
Generally, paper of 80 to 240 g/m2 is selected. If the paper is cut in the longitudinal direction and used as the length of the medium-sized paper, it can prevent the back of the book from being flat after shrinking. The length of the medium-length paper is equal to the length of the book cover, and the width of the book is long after the rounded ridge. The square back is the width of the back of the book plus 2 times the thickness of the cardboard.
3. Use of auxiliary materials
(1) The plug cloth is first sizing with starch. When the head cloth is stuck, the position should be correct and not skewed; the edge of the cloth should be exposed on the outer side of the upper and lower ends of the book block, and parallel to the cut; after sticking, it should be straight and firm, and the balance on both sides should be the same. Its length is 1mm wider than the back of the book.
(2) The gauze is made of sizing cloth. Its length is 22 to 26 mm shorter than the book block. The width is 40mm thicker than the book block.
(3) The back paper of the book generally uses offset paper of 100-120g/m2, so that the vertical stripes are along the upper and lower sides of the back of the book to facilitate the division.
(4) The book cover belt uses a 5 to 8 mm wide silk ribbon, and the length of the book core is long as a ribbon, and is generally attached to the back of the book at 15 mm.
4. Use of cover material
The size of the whole fabric required by the customer is: the length of the cardboard is 30mm, the width is 2 times the width of the cardboard and the width of the medium-sized paper plus 44mm (the size of the hem is 15mm). After the materials are prepared, the shells are stamped and printed to prevent the cardboard from being uneven due to the brushing of the shells, resulting in insufficient hot stamping, wild gold and brightness.
Book core processing control
The structure of various book blocks is different, and the modeling methods and steps are not exactly the same, but the basic processing such as book back brushing, gauze cloth, sticky plug cloth, sticky book back paper, etc. are basically the same. After the first few steps, it enters the flattening process.
1. Flatten
Due to the compression of the book block, the stress can be eliminated, the needle can be closed, and the back of the book can be flat and at right angles. The root of the book block is pressed and the core of the booklet is pressed tightly to prevent the step from appearing after the book is formed. And each book is subject to general inspection at this time, inspecting more posts, less posts, and doing inspection responsibility marks on the back of the book, so that the book core has no wrong posts. When the flattening, the book block after the lock line is slid, leveled, and placed properly, and the pressure is appropriate, so that the book core has a firm degree of consistency, that is, the thickness of the book back is consistent, and the phenomenon of shrinking, pressing, and rolling is prevented.
2. The first time brushing
After the book core is bundled, it is coated with a thin adhesive material on the back of the book to form a flexible film, so that the book block is basically shaped, so that the first process is not dislocated during the next process. .
3. Cut the book
The three-sided cutting requires the book to be square and the cutting error is small.
4. Round
The standard arc of the back of the hardcover book should be the diameter of the book block, and the center angle of the book back arc is about 130°, but the thicker the book block, the smaller the circle should be. The thinner the book block, the more round the circle should be. Bigger. In order to unify the circular arc size of the book block after processing, each book is rounded and compared with the custom-made mold arc to ensure that the arc length and the floating mouth of the subsequent process are consistent. When the hand is rounded, you can use a steam iron, stack the books back up, put a towel, and use steam to iron back and forth several times to soften the book backing. Then you can use the wooden hammer to beat the ball. It can prevent the paper insert from getting wet and wrinkled or sticky, improving the quality of binding.
Finally, the sticky ribbon and the "three-stick" work were completed according to the quality requirements.
Book cover production control
When making a book cover, first adjust the size of the mask frame, and mark the back of the book on the upper gauge to ensure that the book is centered. When inserting the cardboard, the cardboard should be placed on the left and right sides to overcome the error of the cardboard during the cutting, and ensure that the size of each book envelope is the same. After the book envelope is finished according to the quality requirements, the four sides are then scraped tightly with bamboo to prevent the edging from being tight and empty. Then, the two pairs of seals of the two books are stacked, and the cardboard with the same thickness as the book cover is placed on each of the middle seams, so that the diameter of the cover is pressed down. Each pile of the book cover that has just been finished is pressed once under the control pressure, and then the cover is separated, the pad is removed, and the stack is stacked in one direction, and the weight is pressed on the top to prevent warpage. Before the book is sealed, the envelope should be erected to make it dry naturally. In the rainy season, preservatives should also be added to the shell rubber to prevent mold during natural dryness.
Before the round back book is placed on the shell, the center seam should be pre-heated on the self-made round back tool to make it fit with the back of the book, and make the back of the book consistent with the middle of the book cover. Focus on preventing the warpage of the surface of the book cover: (1) Use animal glue with small water, fast drying and good shape. (2) Adjust the inner and outer tension of the book cover cardboard to balance the water inside and outside. (3) The finished product is flattened after being stacked, and then blown dry with circulating air. After it is completely dried, it is inspected or packaged.
Control of the book encapsulation process
When the book is sealed, firstly brush the glue in the inner groove of the book cover, and then press the book core and the book cover anyway to carry out the test case, so that the three sides of the sky, the ground and the front mouth are equal, and the pressure groove is used. After the machine presses the groove, it is sent to the sweeping person to sweep the lining, and the groove is swept after the groove is pressed first, so as to prevent the lining of the lining paper with strong moisture absorbing ability.
Next, open the book cover above, use a 7-inch wool brush to apply a proper amount of paste, and evenly brush from the middle of the ring to the four sides. Then, the front opening of the book is staggered and stacked on the front opening, and flattened to remove the air remaining between the lining and the book cover, so that they are more firmly bonded and flat. If it is a coated paper ring lining, a waste cover that has been covered with a film is placed between the two pages. The film surface faces the book block to help absorb moisture and prevent moisture from entering the ring lining, causing the page to wrinkle. In addition, the shell personnel are required to put a personal number on the ring lining to prevent the book block from being reversed. After the test case, check whether the three sides of the book are consistent, and whether the back of the book and the spine are flat. The sweeper should lift the brush as soon as it reaches the side to prevent the wild glue and the incision from sticking.
In addition, pay attention to the control of the groove process and the inspection of the book. Control of the groove process: the groove is made by the special groove plate, and the groove line is required to be aligned with the book slot. The stack of the book is stacked to a certain height and then pressurized, so that the book slot is shaped for 4 hours to prevent the book slot from being formed. Firm. Book inspection control: books with wild rubber should be separated by fine sandpaper, and the final inspection of the book block problem, mark the inspection, and finally packaged.