About Kolbus binder machine operation (on)
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The increasingly perfect machine performance is the result of the actual operation and the corresponding countermeasures. Therefore, it is very necessary to list and discuss the problems encountered in the actual operation. Here are some questions about the actual operation of the KM470 type binding machine, and we will discuss with you.
Appearance binding quality standards and intrinsic binding quality standards
In general, the appearance quality includes the shaping effect of the back of the book: whether the spine is centered, whether the upper and lower positioning is consistent (especially important for a set of books); whether the cover is outsourced; whether the backing is empty (especially at the top of the sky); Whether the title page and the last page are wrinkled; whether the inside of the book block is infiltrated, whether the side rubber is stuck and not overflowing. Therefore, the linear quality of the back of the book is more important in the appearance requirements. There are two types of the back of the book: one is a flat back, and the corners are sharper and sharper. Its characteristics are that the appearance is firm and beautiful, and it can fully display the unique charm of paperback books. However, there are problems in the back of the book after the use of the book for a period of time, and the book belly is prominent. The other type is that the back of the book has a very small curvature on the flat basis and the edges are not sharp, and there is a small R-angle transition of the curved back. This type has a natural and beautiful feeling and better overcomes the above problems. Which one to use depends on the needs of the customer. In addition, it is necessary to minimize the difference in thickness between the spine and the book block, and sometimes it is necessary to perform the process of flattening to assist in the production of the lock stitch binding.
So, what are the requirements for the quality of the inner binding of paperback books? The author believes that the first is the bond strength of the book block and the low temperature resistance of the glue itself. Although the latter is a problem in the field of raw materials, it still needs to be raised because it is a common and serious problem and one of the weak links in the binding. Of course, with the continuous improvement of the performance of hot melt adhesives, this situation has changed significantly. It is important to select hot melt adhesives with excellent performance. The bonding strength means not only sticking to the first page, but also requiring the inner page to have a certain tensile strength.
The tensile strength here refers to both directions. First, the pulling force F1 along the vertical direction of the paper requires that the single sheet of paper is cracked, and the root of the paper is not degummed, and the other is the pulling force F2 perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the paper. When the glue of the root is completely pulled, F2 is required. Cannot be lower than a predetermined value. These requirements depend to a large extent on the quality of the glue itself, but it also has a considerable relationship with the adjustment. For example, the bond strength of the last page of the book block has always been one of the problems that plagued the KM470 bookbinding machine, so that this is the case. One concept: The weakest link in a wireless bookbinding book is the tensile strength in the final horizontal direction of the book block.
How to improve the tensile strength of the book block in terms of adjustment
The author believes that in terms of adjustment, the tensile strength is related to the following factors: paper hardness, milling back effect, glue layer thickness and glue temperature, groove depth, density and groove shape.
Generally, the hardness of the paper is greater, the tensile strength is weakened; otherwise, it is enhanced. The milling back effect refers to the flatness of the milling back, the penetration of the groove and the cleanliness of the paper dust and paper powder. The good milling back effect will greatly improve the tensile strength, the rubber layer is thickened and the strength is increased. On the other hand, the glue temperature should maintain the optimum bonding temperature. The so-called optimum bonding temperature means that the glue at this temperature has the best permeability and adsorption. Increasing the depth and density of the groove will increase the tensile strength, and why does the shape of the groove affect the tensile strength? When the angle of the groove edge is from 60°→30°→0°→negative angle, the tensile strength is obviously enhanced due to the transfer of the force direction, but it is not possible to pursue a small angle blindly, because this will also involve The fluidity and permeability of the glue, only the latter, can achieve the desired effect if the requirements of use are met.
Since the grammage of the paper is smaller and the hardness is relatively softer, it is much easier for the small-weight paper to be stapled (but the book core is easy to wrinkle on both sides, as discussed in the following section). For coated papers with a weight of 125g or more, care must be taken. However, although the same weight of coated paper has different hardness and adhesion to the adhesive due to different paper composition and processing technology, the most difficult is the perfect binding of the hardness coated paper, which is cold. Hard, the end cuts are smooth and bright, indicating that the adsorption with the glue is very poor. At this time, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the adhesive layer to moderately increase the temperature of the glue (because the temperature drop is faster when the glue is in contact with the paper), and increase the groove Measures such as depth, density, and reduction of the angle between the edges of the groove to increase the tensile strength. Even so, if the weight is more than 150g and the thickness of the book block exceeds 15mm, it is recommended to use the lock-bonding process.
How to improve the quality of milling back
As mentioned in the previous chapter, the quality of the milling back includes: the flatness of the milling back, the penetration of the grooving, and the cleanliness of the paper dust and paper powder. The old users of Kolbus know that the milling back system has been developed from the first one (including the grooving knife) to the current roughing, finishing, grinding (hairing), grooving 3~4 groups. The cutter heads are all designed to improve the quality of the milling back. Because the quality of the milling back is good, it not only directly affects the bonding strength of the book block, but also affects the forming effect of the back of the book. Therefore, improving the quality of the milling back is the basis for making a perfect binding book. The first is the flatness of the milling back, which I believe is determined by the following factors:
1 The book holder and the pressure roller are suitable for tightening; the blade on the 2 cutter head (lower called the movable blade) and the blade fixed on the cutter head (hereinafter referred to as the fixed blade) should be kept in a sharp state; 3 between the fixed blade and the movable blade The gap should be adjusted well; 4 whether it is a fixed blade or a moving blade, the advantages and disadvantages of the blade material will affect the stability of the milling back quality.
Generally, the cutter head part of the moving blade is generally made of hard alloy material, and the fixed blade is often made of ordinary high carbon steel, which is relatively easy to wear. If the worn blade is not replaced in time, it will directly affect the flatness of the milling back. . If the blade is in the knife edge, a carbide tip is also used. The blade is both sharp and wear resistant, which greatly improves the quality and stability of the milling back.
Among the above factors, it is important to control the gap between the fixed blade and the moving blade.
Due to the influence of thermal expansion and contraction, the milling cutter must be preheated for about half an hour in the cold state. When the thermal expansion of the cutter core extends to the limit equilibrium state, the cutter head is stopped and the gap is adjusted immediately. Usually, when the milling cutter mandrel runs normally, the optimum clearance between the blades is 0.05mm (adjusted with the plug gauge). At this time, the milling condition is good, and because the milling cutter has small milling resistance, the blade wear is small and the most It is important that the milling back is flat. Of course, if a machine with a long period of use is used, since the running clearance is increased due to wear, for the sake of safety, the gap between the blades should be appropriately adjusted to 0.1 to 0.15 mm or even larger.
The second point, the important thing is the penetrating problem of the back of the book. So, what is the role of paperback binding? In order to increase the contact area with the book block, while the depth of the groove is formed in the longitudinal direction, the structural strength of the glue layer is enhanced, and the angle formed by the groove edge increases the tensile strength of the inner page of the book block. In short, the purpose of the groove is to enhance the tensile strength of the inner page of the book block, and the penetration of the groove means that the groove to be drawn should run through the entire back of the book, and the groove should be clean and thorough. Conversely, if the penetration of the groove is not good, it means that the grooved knife draws the side of the book back, the groove is not scratched, and the paper scraps are still not cut off on the back of the book, thus covering the roots. The phenomenon of glue, this situation directly affects the tensile strength of the book block, and it is obviously reflected in the problem that the last page is easily pulled apart. So how can we improve the penetration of the groove?
The milling back and grooving of Kolbus KM470 binding machine are synchronous, and the grooving knife is fixed by cantilever type. When the groove is stressed, the fixed blade will have upward elasticity to make the knife Phenomenon, which is one of the factors affecting the penetration of the groove, so the fixing of the fixed blade should be fixed at both ends, and the length of the tool holder beam should be shortened as much as possible to ensure sufficient rigidity. On the other hand, the original KM470 is used. It is a nylon material with high abrasion resistance. Although it is convenient in manufacturing and operation, nylon materials are easy to wear. Generally, after 5,000 to 10,000 books are produced, the fixed blades have different degrees of wear and wear. The nylon fixed blade has a curved curved surface recessed into the blade portion, and the gap between the blades cannot be controlled, resulting in the last post being impervious. After the above analysis, the wear of the fixed blade and the gap between the blades become large, which is an important reason for affecting the grooved permeability. Finding the reason, we can determine the improvement plan: First, the fixed blade is changed into steel, and the hard alloy block is set in the knife edge, and the wire cutting process is used to cut into the required groove shape, and the fixed blade can be finely adjusted to accurately For the knife, control gap, gap adjustment is very important, be careful, otherwise it will easily damage the cutter head, the adjustment method is the same as the milling cutter. The gap can be placed to 0.1mm. In the early models, the density of the groove was achieved by increasing the number of grooving knives. It is best to install it symmetrically, and it is very important to ensure the consistency of the horn deviation. Otherwise, the gap Unable to adjust. In the later models, the frequency conversion technology was used to control the density of the groove, and the effect was very good.