Manage CMYK color space with ICC color profiles
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The CMYK color space is specifically tailored to print plates and printouts. It describes the actual ratio of inks of different colors, which are closely related to specific equipment and consumables. As mentioned earlier, although the ratios are the same, different inks will have different colors on different papers.
In order for different devices to match each other when expressing colors, it is necessary to develop a color-independent system to abstract a "theoretical" color so that the colors of different devices can be compared and simulated with each other. The "theoretical" color space that is now widely used is the 1931 CIE-XYZ system developed by the International Lighting Association and the CIELab system based on it. The 1931 CIE-XYZ system is based on the RGB system. Using mathematical methods, three ideal primary colors are used instead of the actual three primary colors to form an ideal, device-independent color system. The formulation process is a very complex color science. , mathematics, psychology comprehensive engineering, we need to know that it is by far the most widely used, relatively uniform, widest color gamut, device-independent color space, which was developed and recommended by the International Lighting Association (CIE). Each color value combination corresponds to a certain, device-independent color.
Manage color with ICC color profiles
Although the theoretical color space has its standard, uniqueness and equipment independence, but after the relationship between color and equipment is separated, there is a problem that the theory is out of practice. There is an intermediate mechanism to link theory with practice. The ICC color profile is the link.
ICC is short for "International Color Consortium", which develops a system for managing colors by creating color profiles of devices called ICC Profiles. Also referred to as ICC.
The ICC color profile describes which color in a standard color space the color produced by a particular device is, thereby completing the conversion of the color space—the color of the image based on the numerical data of the “color characterization file” of each media device The data is translated into "a color space independent of the device (currently using 1931CIE-XYZ)" by "color space closely related to the device, such as the RGB color space of the scanner, digital camera, and the CMYK color space of the printer."
Simply put, ICC is the corresponding mechanism for establishing color space - through the method of data operation, find the exact position of the original color in the target color space. Establishing your own ICC file for each device is the basis for color management, but the development of ICC files requires actual testing, and is not static, even if the same device changes with the use environment, consumables, aging, etc., ICC files It also needs to be updated regularly.