Analysis of Art Screening Technology
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Screening technology is the basic way to reproduce continuous tone images. It is also an important technology to determine the quality of printed matter. It has been in the printing field for more than 100 years. It has experienced glass screen, contact screen, electronic screening, digital plus. At the development stage such as the network, technologies such as rational screening, unreasonable screening, supercell structure screening and FM screening have been formed. At present, AM screening and FM screening have always played a leading role as the two major screening technologies. With the advancement of science and technology, some special screening technologies have emerged, and they have been used in some printing fields, replicating different uses. Printed matter.
Hybrid screening technology
As is known, amplitude modulation screening is to reproduce the tone and level of the image by changing the dot size to change the dot size, which has obvious advantages for the reduction of the image midtone. FM screening is to reproduce the tone and level of the image by changing the dot size to change the dot pitch, which can restore the details of the image well. Hybrid screening technology is a new screening technology developed by combining the advantages of AM and FM.
Hybrid screening is developed on the basis of digital screening principle and computer control technology. The principle is to generate FM network points in the high-key and dark-tone parts of the image, and the mid-tone part is to simulate the modulation network point configuration, that is, to maintain a certain network point. At the same time as the number, the tone reproduction is achieved by changing the size of a single dot. Hybrid screening technology fully utilizes the advantages of FM screening while maintaining good printability of AM sites. Therefore, hybrid image filtering technology can achieve good image reproduction.
This kind of dot is based on the amplitude modulation dot, and is modified by the frequency modulation dot. The shape of the dot is different, and the position is slightly distributed randomly, which has the characteristics of amplitude modulation and frequency modulation dot. The advantage of hybrid screening is that there are no dot angle and orientation problems, reducing low frequency components to reduce the graininess of the image, and reducing high frequency components to improve printing stability. Therefore, the printing suitability of hybrid dots is better than that of AM and FM.
Art screening technology
The basic principle of art screening technology is to replace the conventional dots with graphics or patterns of various shapes to achieve the purpose of reproducing the tone and level of the image. The shape of the dot commonly used in ordinary screening technology is generally circular, elliptical, diamond or square, and the formation of the dot shape is controlled by the dot function. According to the principle of Postscript screening, adjusting the mathematical model of the dot function can flexibly control the shape of the dot, which is the mathematical theoretical basis of art screening technology.
Art screening is to describe the outline of the figure or pattern as a dot according to a certain algorithm, and then use the expansion, reduction or other nonlinear transformation algorithm on the contour to make the contour curve correspond to the gray value of the image one by one, and finally describe it by the contour. The graphics or patterns complete the screening of the image; Figure 2 shows the image generated using some art screening technique. It can be seen from the figure that in the high-profile part of the image, the edge of the contour of the dot appears as a fish shape; the dark-tone part adopts a reverse dot, the outline of the blank part is a goose-shaped, and the middle-tone part uses a fish-shaped and an eagant-shaped respectively It shows the ink part and the blank part. By changing the mathematical model that controls the shape of the dot, you can change the shape of the fish and the shape of the goose into other shapes, such as various line patterns, to enrich the type of art screening.
Art screening technology is most suitable for large outdoor posters and advertising paintings. People can see the overall image effect of the picture from a distance, and can learn the special information contained in the network from a nearby place. In addition, anti-counterfeiting printing is also suitable for art screening, printing micro-text or icon (trademark) as a dot shape in the image, because the dot contour algorithm is unique, so it can play a certain anti-counterfeiting effect. Figure 3 shows the anti-counterfeit image printed after the dot is replaced by the micro-text. With the magnifying glass, the small text hidden in the image can be clearly seen, thereby playing the role of authenticity.